The 10 Great Things You can do to combat Global Warming

Global warming is the gradual boom in the common temperature of the earth’s atmosphere due to the fact an increased quantity of the strength or warmness striking the earth from the solar is being trapped within the surroundings and now not radiated out into space. The earth’s ecosystem has always acted like a greenhouse to capture the sun’s warmth, ensuring that the earth has enjoyed temperatures that permitted the emergence of lifestyles bureaucracy as we recognize them, along with people. Global warming is the equivalent of a greenhouse with excessive performance reflective glass installed the wrong manner round. All structures inside the international weather device are connected, including warmness power causes the worldwide weather as a whole to alternate. Much of the world is included with ocean which heats up. When the ocean heats up, greater water evaporates into clouds. Where storms like hurricanes and typhoons are forming, the end result is extra strength-in depth storms. A warmer environment makes glaciers and mountain snow packs, the Polar ice cap, and the splendid ice guard jutting off of Antarctica soften raising sea degrees. Here is the list of 10 things you could do to fight Global warming.

1.Walk, motorbike (run, skate)

three men riding on bicycles
Photo by Dó Castle on Pexels.com

Cycling, e-biking and taking walks can assist tackle the weather disaster – even in case you switch the car for energetic delivery just sooner or later a week. Emission reduction objectives for transport are not going to be met without a good sized move away from motorised travel. Technological fixes which includes electrification of the vehicle fleet will no longer be sufficient and could not show up speedy enough to make the type of difference we need inside the time period that we want alternate to take place. It is found that people who switch just one ride consistent with day from vehicle-using to cycling reduced their carbon footprint by means of approximately 0.5 tonnes over a yr. This represents a big share of common per capita CO2 emissions. If simply 10% of the population have been to change journey behaviour on this way, the emissions savings would be round four% of lifecycle CO2 emissions from all automobile journey.

An boom in biking, e-cycling or taking walks through the years lowers each day mobility-related lifecycle CO2 emissions. Swapping the car for a motorcycle or e-bike for simply in the future every week – or going from no longer biking to biking – drastically lowers mobility-associated lifecycle CO2. The biggest blessings from shifts from automobile to active travel are for commercial enterprise tour, followed through social and amusement trips, and commuting to work or area of look at. The locating that those who already cycle have 84% decrease CO2 emissions from all day by day tour than non-cyclists in addition emphasises the significance of energetic travel. Carbon dioxide is the weather’s worst enemy. It’s launched whilst oil, coal, and other fossil fuels are burned for electricity—the electricity we use to energy our homes, cars, and smartphones.

2.Ride the bus to work (or carpool)

yellow white and red bus parked beside tree and building
Photo by Marta Dzedyshko on Pexels.com

Approximately 85 percent of greenhouse fuel emissions from the transportation sector are related to the floor transportation system. Public transportation use is one of the only moves people can take to conserve electricity. Riding public transportation far exceeds the advantages of other strength-saving family activities. A single individual who switches from a 20-mile commuting alone by way of vehicle to existing public transportation, can reduce their annual CO2 emissions by way of 20 kilos according to day, or extra than forty eight,000 kilos in a year. That is same to 10% discount in all greenhouse gases produced via a regular two-adult, two-vehicle household. We all like going together. Quick Ride will help you to connect to different like-minded experts who’re travelling at the same course and same time. Quick Ride enables commuters to start sharing the trip in preference to traveling alone.

Innovative technology to find out, join, direction in shape, coordinate and value-proportion in a continuing manner. Quick Ride automates stop to cease technique of carpooling & bikepooling and makes pooling secure, cozy and lower priced for the city commuters. Carpool might cut down the number of vehicles on the street to a outstanding volume; suggest there might be less emission of carbon into the air, inflicting much less pollution; suggest a purifier environment. Share your empty automobile seats and reduce down your commute fees. Enjoy assembly extraordinary new people each day, develop your community and make your uninteresting rides a a laugh ride. Bike pooling helps commuters to reduce down the travel time and additionally store money. Bike pooling has became out to be a really perfect option to urban day by day commuter, mainly in the course of height hours. You can discover a bikepool as low as 4/km. If you have a motorbike, offer bikepool and get free gasoline.

3.Change a Light Bulb

spiral white light bulb
Photo by Marco Cupido on Pexels.com

With the environmental problems that have an effect on air and water excellent, wildlife and even global climate, it is able to be tough to imagine that individual selections — inclusive of changing light bulbs — can make any distinction. Changing from incandescent light bulbs to Energy Star certified light bulbs, but, can substantially reduce the environmental impact of your own home or business. The electricity financial savings of cooler-burning bulbs, inclusive of CFL and LED, could have a widespread impact for your utility payments and on making your private home greener. CFLs are the compact fluorescent mild bulbs that look like gentle-serve ice cream. LEDs are “mild-emitting diodes.”

The wasted warmness generated by using incandescent bulbs can boom your house cooling charges, in addition to require you to pay more for lighting fixtures your property and yard or commercial enterprise. The power financial savings for a unmarried Energy Star mild bulb is about $6 in keeping with yr and $40 for its lifetime, in step with the EPA. Changing your indoor, outside, garage and commercial enterprise mild bulbs to qualified Energy Star light bulbs can upload up to a vast financial savings every year, further to assisting the surroundings. CFLs and LEDs save waste and pollutants from the manufacturing, transportation, strength manufacturing and disposal of the greater wide variety of much less green incandescent mild bulbs. You want to choose tremendous mild bulbs to make your own home more power efficient.

4.Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

close up shot of a person showing a zero waste signage in a smartphone
Photo by Greta Hoffman on Pexels.com

The best manner to lessen waste is not to create it in the first place. Making a new product calls for a lot of materials and strength – raw materials must be extracted from the earth, and the product should be fabricated then transported to wherever it will be offered. As a end result, discount and reuse are the simplest approaches you may shop natural assets, shield the surroundings and keep cash. It’s economically and environmentally practical to reuse your merchandise. You can find the whole thing from garments to constructing materials at specialised reuse centers and consignment shops. Look for merchandise that use less packaging. Buy reusable over disposable objects. Maintain and repair merchandise, like garb, tires and home equipment, so that they won’t must be thrown out and replaced as frequently. Borrow, lease or share objects that are used once in a while, like celebration decorations, gear or fixtures. Recycling is a procedure, but it’s well worth it to separate your waste into right recycling containers. It takes used substances, like cardboard, plastic, glass, paper and others and processes, manufactures and redistributes them as something new.

5.Use Less Heat and Air Conditioning

contemporary bedroom interior with bed under empty panel at home
Photo by Max Vakhtbovych on Pexels.com

Over the beyond two decades, every document for top power use within the town has befell in the course of a heatwave, as thousands and thousands of humans switch on their aircon units at the same time. Many people to find alleviation in the cool, crisp breeze of an air-conditioner. But inside the following couple of years, the manner air-conditioners work may want to alternate. Last month, representatives from nearly 2 hundred international locations labored on a new environment agreement to modify using HFCs, or hydro fluorocarbons. These chemical compounds are answerable for retaining you cool on warm summer time days, in air-conditioners and fridges. And despite the fact that you won’t have heard of them, environmentalists, authorities officers and scientists say an settlement to restriction HFCs represents a sizeable step within the combat to stave off the worst consequences of worldwide warming. That’s because like different greenhouse gases, HFCs make contributions to worldwide warming. But more often than not, they’re not coming out of your air-conditioner, though air-conditioning poses other environmental issues. Renewable power is electricity this is generated from natural sources, which include the sun, wind, biomass and water. And those renewable electricity sources are clearly replenished. It’s additionally regularly called “inexperienced strength” and “clean strength” as the manner of generating electricity from those renewable resources emits no or hardly ever any greenhouse gases – unlike fossil fuels like coal and oil.

6.Plant a tree

photo of a man sitting under the tree
Photo by Samuel Theo Manat Silitonga on Pexels.com

As trees develop, they assist forestall weather change by using eliminating carbon dioxide from the air, storing carbon within the bushes and soil, and liberating oxygen into the ecosystem. Trees offer many blessings to us, every day. They provide cooling colour, block cold winter winds, appeal to birds and flora and fauna, purify our air, prevent soil erosion, easy our water, and upload grace and beauty to our homes and communities. Planting billions of bushes across the world is one in every of the largest and cheapest ways of taking CO2 out of the surroundings to tackle the weather disaster. As timber grow, they soak up and save the carbon dioxide emissions which can be using global heating. Trees use sunlight power to do photosynthesis – a process that uses carbon dioxide and water to create strength (glucose) for their cells. In the give up, trees become feeding themselves with the carbon we desperately want to avoid getting to the environment. Trees are the final carbon storage machines — four hundred lots of carbon may be locked into simply one hectare.

7.Buy a gasoline efficient vehicle (or hybrid car)

road traffic street industry
Photo by Kindel Media on Pexels.com

When shopping a car, consider gasoline green and alternative gasoline cars. Choose your automobile consistent with your want. For example, if you more often than not force in towns, a smaller hybrid might be right for you as it receives better mileage in city riding and is less complicated to park. If you have more than one vehicle to be had to you, drive the most gas- efficient car each time viable. If you need a vehicle for towing or heavy use, don’t forget a easy diesel car. Diesel engines are more powerful and 30%-35% extra efficient than comparable-sized gas engines. New diesel engines are plenty smoother and quieter than their predecessors. The new generation of easy diesel motors have to meet the same emissions standards as gasoline motors. Greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion, carbon monoxide emissions, toxic levels of air pollution are some of the repercussions of automobile utilization through the years. But we are not oblivious to these troubles and the leading OEM’s around the arena are continuously learning & growing new generation to address these issues.

Hybrid cars make use of power from each power and gas (diesel, petrol, and hydrogen) to lessen emissions even as enhancing fuel efficiency at the equal time. On the electrical aspect, the auto is powered by energy saved in lithium ion batteries and dispatched to electric powered motor-turbines. These automobiles energy the wheels and additionally generate power while braking thru regenerative braking. Hybrid automobiles do burn gasoline but use small engines that emit low emissions. The engines are used both to generate power for the batteries or paintings at the side of the electric vehicles to provide pressure.

8.Buy local goods and merchandise

fresh vegetable in market
Photo by Andretti Brown on Pexels.com

One of the maximum important approaches buying regionally helps the surroundings is via reducing your food miles. By purchasing regionally, you’re buying goods produced on your local network. Conversely, while you save at the grocery shop, the various meals objects you buy journey over 1500 miles to attain your plate. By reducing down on these miles, you’re decreasing the environmental impact of your meals. Local food doesn’t create big carbon footprints thru overseas plane travel or long truck journeys. This cuts down on fuel intake and air pollution. There isn’t a need for transport facilities, packing centers or refrigeration. Local businesses are able to perform of their local communities. It’s clean for them to carry their products to their customers due to the fact their customers are nearby. Take a farmers marketplace as an example – customers are able to without problems get entry to plenty of nearby homegrown produce with out leaving their very own community.

Shoppers are able to effortlessly stroll or bike to their local marketplace to shop the stalls. On the other hand, with large grocery and department stores, they typically aren’t capable of be placed so centrally. Because those large shops require more area, they often ought to pass out of town. That means purchasers are forced to drive to these shops, which increases their gas consumption and carbon footprint. By shopping for and consuming neighborhood, purchasers are capable of revel in produce that is sparkling and nutritious. Many neighborhood producers pleasure themselves on retaining their product natural, hormone unfastened and pesticide unfastened. Not handiest is this beneficial to the client, it’s also beneficial to the surroundings. Keeping harmful pollutants, like pesticides, out of the air enables to improve vegetation and air nice. In addition, because the produce is clean and brought at once from farm to desk, there is less waste.

9.Inflate your tires

black multi spoke auto wheel
Photo by Jan Kopřiva on Pexels.com

Keeping Your Tires Inflated for the Environment and for Your Safety. When tires aren’t inflated to the kilos in keeping with rectangular inch (PSI) rating recommended by producers, they’re much less “round” and require extra electricity to begin moving and to maintain velocity. As such, below-inflated tires do indeed make a contribution to pollutants and growth gas costs. Inflating tires to their proper stress can enhance mileage with the aid of about 3.3 percent, whereas leaving them under-inflated can decrease mileage with the aid of 0.4 percent for each one PSI drop in stress of all four tires. The average individual who drives 12,000 miles every year on underneath-inflated tires uses approximately a hundred and forty four greater gallons of gasoline, at a cost of $300-$500 a year. And each time one of these gallons of gas is burned, 20 kilos of carbon dioxide is introduced to the surroundings as the carbons inside the fuel are launched and combine with the oxygen inside the air. As such, any car jogging on smooth tires is contributing as an awful lot as 1.5 extra heaps (2,880 pounds) of greenhouse gases to the environment annually. Besides saving gasoline and money and minimizing emissions, properly inflated tires are safer and much less probably to fail at high speeds.

10.Change the AC Filter

rain clouds in sky in evening
Photo by Rachel Claire on Pexels.com

As the world turns into greater environmentally conscious, steps are regularly being taken to minimize the poor effect we’re having in the world. As rainfall decreases, the danger of wildfires will increase, for that reason freeing even more carbon dioxide into the air. As the Arctic warms up, it is able to reason long-frozen methane gas to be released into the air, in turn, this could warmth up the planet considerably quicker than carbon, inflicting more damage.
Much like among the aforementioned issues, bad effects at the surroundings had been resulting from man’s innovations, and that includes conventional aircon structures. As the world continues to warm up, we turn the air-conditioning on, and that’s the start of a by no means ending, probably dangerous cycle. We have the ability to regulate aircon gadgets, giving them the capability to tug in carbon dioxide in preference to emitting it. Using the latest trends in technology, AC gadgets in homes and inside the administrative center will no longer best take away a positive quantity of carbon dioxide from the air, but it’ll even remodel it into gas for powering motors and different cars which are turning into increasingly difficult to impress. The concept, referred to as ‘crowd oil’, continues to be in very early improvement degrees and nevertheless faces numerous troubles before it may be placed into popular flow for public use. Despite this, calls are being made to speed up the process as thousands and thousands of human beings around the arena are desperate to make a full-size, worthwhile alternate.

Air conditioners are excellent for imparting instant alleviation from unbearable, sizzling warmness, and although they simplest appear to provide out cool, fresh air, in addition they deliver off a remarkable quantity of heat. Geoffrey Ozin, A substances chemist stated that “whilst you run an air conditioning machine, you don’t get whatever for nothing…in case you cool something, you warmness some thing, and that warmness is going into the towns”, consequently accelerating the warmth island effect. One of the awesome ironies of weather alternate is that because the planet warms, the technology that people need to live cool will most effective make the weather warmer. By 2050, researchers assume the range of room air conditioners on Earth to quadruple to 4.5 billion, turning into at least as ubiquitous as cellular telephones are these days. By the end of the century, greenhouse gasoline emissions from air conditioning will account for as lots as a 0.5-diploma Celsius upward push in global temperatures.

Tagged : / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

THE 10 GREAT HANDICRAFTS OF INDIA THAT WE MUST BUY

A skilled activity in which something is made in a traditional way with the hands rather than being produced by machines in a factory. Tourists visiting India are often enamoured of its superb handicrafts, as much as its people. India has been known for its customs. When it comes to art and culture, India is among the most culturally rich countries in the world. Handicraft represents Indian’s culture and tradition. The feeling of home is hidden in the small things and the small stories that every item carries with it. The same is the reason behind buying handicrafts. Every piece of craft has a story, a story of the passion of the craftsmen who created it or his inspiration to make it. That’s why craft pieces make the perfect fit for any house. India is one of the leading producers and suppliers of handicraft products in the world. India has been a large producer and supplier of handicraft products for a long time. In Asian countries, handicrafts are as highly wanted as mechanized products in quality and volume and are a major source of their foreign earnings via exports. The artisanal industry is an important source of income for rural communities that employ more than six million artisans, including large numbers of women and people belonging to the weakest sectors of society. The sector is highly creative and produces a large variety of crafts products that are highly consumed and fond of. In India, the creative importance of these craft products is off the roof making sure that it fits in perfectly with the urbanized decor and connects the urban dwellers with their roots. The days of Indus Valley Civilization, artisans and craftsmen have been respected for their excellence in various kinds of handicrafts. That tradition continued well into medieval and colonial times, and flourishes even to this day. List of 10 Handicrafts of India That We must buy.

1) Pashmina shawl

Pashmina is considered the finest craftsmanship in the world which transforms the exceptionally warm and delicate Cashmere threads to opulent accessories. The fleece of Changthangi Goat is known as Pashm. This goat is exotic and is only found there, 15000 feet above sea level in Ladakh – Jammu and Kashmir, making the art of Pashmina even rarer and revered all over the world. This art was favoured with royal patronage. Kings, queens, royal families and nobles all over the world knew Pashmina. In fact, they owned a large number of shawls and scarves. It was in the 16th century when the birthplace of Pashmina – Kashmir – was under Mughal rule, that Pashmina was discovered. Pashmina may refer either to the material or to the variant of the Kashmir shawl that is made from it. Both generic cashmere and pashmina come from the same goat, but generic cashmere ranges from 12 to 21 microns in diameter, whereas pashmina refers only to those fibres that range from 12 to 16 microns. Besides employing literate as well as illiterate persons in both rural and urban areas, it acts as a subsidiary source of income for farmers who remain unemployed during the off-season. The most important aspect is that it should be hand spun and hand woven only. All steps, from combing and spinning, to weaving and finishing, are done entirely by hand by dedicated craftsmen and women. The main production center for Pashmina fabrics is the old Srinagar district. To produce a single Pashmina shawl it takes approximately 180 hours.

girl in white crew neck shirt lying on red and brown floral textile
Photo by cottonbro on Pexels.com

2) Woodwork

Woodworking is the skill of making items from wood, and includes cabinet making, wood carving, joinery, carpentry, and woodturning. In Rajasthan,wooden figures of Ghangore, a form of Parvathi is worshipped. Tamilnadu has a well developed tradition of woodcarving used for decorating houses and temples. The Tanjore dolls made of wood form a part of the rituals followed here and they are also used for educating small children. The Tirupathi red dolls are meant for sales for the pilgrims. Kondapalli is famous for its toys. Manipuris an important center for Tarkashi, metal thread work, done in furniture. Sankheda in Gujaratis an important center for lathe- worked lacquered furniture. The Punjab regions are famous for their exquisite wooden furniture. Kashmir is famous for its artifacts made of walnut. Chhattisgarh craftsmen specialize in wooden crafts such as doors, window frames, and sculptures. Jharkhand is famous for its wooden toys that are always in pairs. Goa wood carvings are an aesthetic mix of Portuguese and Indian cultures, and the designs are primarily floral, animal and human figures. It is mainly made of rosewood and sandalwood engraved with designs of flowers, vines, birds, and animals. Magnificent female figures are carved from Kumbli wood in Kerala. Karnataka is specialized in sandalwood carving. Rajasthanmaintains a rich tradition of stonecarving even in the common domesticbuildings.

3) Ceramic

Ceramic is considered the most sensual form of all the arts. The tradition of handmade pottery has been prevalent in India since the time of the Harappan civilization. Pottery in the Indian subcontinent has an ancient history and is one of the most tangible and iconic elements of Indian art. This article covers pottery vessels, mainly from the ancient Indian cultures known from archaeology. There has also been much figurative sculpture and decorative tilework in ceramics in the subcontinent, with the production of terracotta figurines being widespread in different regions and periods. In Bengal in particular, a lack of stone produced an extensive tradition of architectural sculpture for temples and mosques in terracotta and carved brick. In Rajasthan, Bikaner is famous for its painted pottery, Pokhran for its geometric patterned pottery, and Alwar for its Kagzi pottery. Jaipur blue pottery is also very famous. Jaipur blue pottery is also very famous.

4) Leather

India is famous worldwide for its leather products. Leather is a prominent industry in India. The main sectors from which its demand is derived are fashion, footwear, furniture, interiors and automotive. While the Indian leather totals upto 13 percent of the world’s total production of skins, around 10 percent of world’s footwear production also comes from India. India’s leather industry is bestowed with skilled manpower, innovative technology, increasing industry compliance to international environmental standards and the support of allied industries. India is the second largest exporter of leather garments and third largest exporter of saddlery and harness in the world. In India, the leather is prepared from the raw-hide skin of different animals like buffalo, goat, cow and sheep. Majorly, buffalo skin and goat skin are used to make leather products that are exported to the other countries. In the past, leather was not only used in the manufacture of clothing and footwear, but also in the manufacture of caps, bags, saddles, shields, etc. Madhya Pradesh is also known for its leather goods such as shoes, bags and clothing. Maharashtra is also famous for its Kolhapuri cocoons. The major production centers for leather and leather products in India are located in the States of Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi, Rajastan, Kerala.

5) Jute

India is the world’s biggest producer of jute, followed by Bangladesh. Jute is primarily grown in West Bengal, Odisha, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Andhra Pradesh. Jute is the second most abundant natural fibre in the world. It has high tensile strength, acoustic and thermal insulation, breathability, low extensibility, ease of blending with both synthetic and natural fibres, and antistatic properties. Jute production is a labour intensive industry. It employs about two lakh workers in the West Bengal alone and 4 lakh workers across the country. Jute can be used: for insulation (replacing glass wool), geotextiles, activated carbon powder, wall coverings, flooring, garments, rugs, ropes, gunny bags, handicrafts, curtains, carpet backings, paper, sandals, carry bags, and furniture. The wide variety of jute crafts includes bags, office stationery, bracelets and other jewelry, footwear, tapestries and many more. The production process in the Jute Industry goes through a variety of activities, which include cultivation of raw jute, processing of jute fibres, spinning, weaving, bleaching, dyeing, finishing and marketing of both, the raw jute and its finished products.

6) Shell

From Conches, tortoise shell and seashell shells crafts are made in India. You can find three types of shells made from shell crafts in India. Different types of products such as bracelets, forks, decorative bowls, medallions, curtains, chandeliers, mirror frames, tablecloths, decorating pots, lockets, lanterns, etc. are products of shell crafts. In specific, shell handicraft locations on the sea such as the Gulf of Mannar, Odisha, Goa etc. are present here and at lower rates in excess. You can also buy shell jewellery and bracelets in West Bengal. It is basically craft making which involves a lot of creativity which will enhance the look of what we do with the shells. Seashell is a gift of nature to man and they are found in a variety of shapes, size and color. It is simply a folk art which is carried out by amateurs, however in some cases, it is also used for business making and the means to livelihood.

7) Brass Crafts

Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. A diverse range of brass can be created simply by varying the proportion of these two ingredients. Brass has a yellow color that is somewhat similar to gold. It is also fairly resistant to tarnishing. The discovery of metals made the lives of man easy as the metal products proved to be such a great help for them that they successfully completed some impossible tasks. India is well known for its beautiful brass craft, which covers a wide range of products, ranging from decoration items to utility ware. India, in fact, is one of the largest brass makers in the world. The art of brass craft has been practiced for almost 5 million years. Brass is known for its durability, and this feature adds to its advantage when used as a craft. Various items include the Lord Ganesha figure in different postures, vases, tables, perforated lamps, ornament boxes, wine glasses and many more are widely used in many Indian houses. These craftsmen dealing with brass crafts are known distinctly as “Kansaris”. Advantage of Brass has several characteristic properties that make it the ideal choice for art and craft. Brass is It is a long lasting metal , requires little maintenance and it is similar to gold, gives it a very attractive appearance.

8) Bamboo Crafts

As we all know that excessive use of wooden products can harm our eco system. There is one beautiful and strong supplement of wood which is cane and bamboo. These two are ecofriendly, light weighted, and strong. These have more life than wood, low maintenance, and easily portable. They have unique and elegant styles which are liked by everyone. These two are used to make different items for daily use and for decoration. Although India is famous for its handiwork but the state of west Bengal is pretty much good in their bamboo and cane craft. artisans of northeast India mostly make trays, unique furniture, decorative lamps, fans, hand bags, lamp shades and jewellery. The various other items made from bamboo are baskets, dolls, toys, furniture, mats, tapestries, crossbows, bamboo houses, hats, musical instruments, stools, kurup and khasi umbrella, bridges, smoking pipes, trays, knives, barrels and many more.

9) Phulkari

Sitting on the charpoys (beds woven with jute strings) pulled into the protective shade of a tree, or ensconced against a wall, women in villages and small towns all over Punjab are often busy creating spectacular flower-embroidery on dupattas, shawls or other garments. The word phulkari literally means flowering. It is a form of craft in which embroidery is done in a simple and sparse design over shawls and dupattas. In some cases where the design is worked over very closely, covering the material entirely, it is called bagh. The embroidery of phulkari and bagh is done in long and short darn stitch, which is created into innumerable designs and patterns. It is the skilful manipulation of this single stitch that lends an interesting and characteristic dimension to this needlework. While the stitch itself is uncomplicated, the quality of the phulkari depends upon the size of the stitch. The smaller the stitch, the finer the embroidery. The threads used were of a silk yarn called pat. In the past, the silk threads were brought in from different parts of India, like Kashmir and Bengal. The cloth primarily used and preferred by the women, was the home-spun, locally woven and dyed khadi. It was strong, long-lasting, and cheap and served the purpose of keeping the wearer warm during winters. Another reason was that the embroidery involved the counting of threads while doing the straight darn stitch. The coarse weave made this task easier. First brought to the Punjab state by the migrant population of Jaat, Phulkari is now equally loved across the country. Over time, various techniques and types of Phulkari embroidery have emerged in India, such as Thirma, Darshan Dwar, Chope, Meenakari, and Kaudi Bagh, among others.

10) Zardozi

From the medieval times the art of Zardozi has flourished, reaching its zenith under the patronage of Emperor Akbar. This gorgeous embroidery reveals artistic use of laid stitch with golden thread. It can be seen in wall hangings, chain stitch on saris, caps and other articles with heavy embroidery. As the embroidery is densely performed, designs done are extremely intricate. The gold wire known as zari is the thread used for zardozi embroidery. The making of zari thread is a very tedious job involving winding, twisting, wire drawing and gold plating of thread. The embroidery of zari zardozi is performed in a very interesting manner. Gold wire is carefully revolved around a silver bar tapered at one end. Then they are heated in furnace till gold and silver alloy is formed. The gilt wire, when drawn through a series of holes made on steel plates, comes out glittering as gold. The gold-coated silver wire is then flattened and twisted around silk thread to obtain zari. Zardozi has remained as an appliqué method of embroidery. With one hand the craftsman holds a retaining thread below the fabric. In the other he holds a hook or a needle with which he picks up the appliqué materials. Then he passes the needle or hook through the fabric. After hours of painstaking labor, the result is an exquisite gold-veined work of art. The intricate gold designs are made from silk, velvet, and even fabrics famous in the state of Uttar Pradesh. However, today, artisans use a combination of copper wire, with a gold or silver polish, and a silk thread. This embroidery work is mainly a specialty of Lucknow, Bhopal, Hyderabad, Delhi, Agra, Kashmir, Mumbai, Ajmer, and Chennai. The art of zardozi was revived along with many traditional methods of embroidery in the middle of this century. Zari work was mainly done in Madras and zardozi in Hyderabad until a few decades ago. Today, Uttar Pradesh is home to this finest work of gold and silver embroidery. This craft has caught on to a larger region of Bareilly such as Allampur, Faridpur, Biharkala, Nawabganj and Chandpur.

Tagged : / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /