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THE 10 GREAT SMALLEST BIRD SPECIES IN THE WORLD (ranked by the Height of the Bird)

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Bird is a warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrate animal distinguished by the possession of feathers, wings, a beak, and typically by being able to fly. Most Birds can fly, using powerful muscles to flap their wings. But few bird species do not have strong enough wings to fly , so these birds are flightless. Birds are a group of feathered theropod dinosaurs and constitute the only living dinosaurs. There are about ten thousand living species, more than half of which are passerine, or “perching” birds. Birds have wings whose development varies according to species. Many social species pass on knowledge across generations, which is considered a form of culture. Birds are social, communicating with visual signals, calls, and songs, and participating in such behaviours as cooperative breeding and hunting, flocking, and mobbing of predators. Songbirds, parrots, and other species are popular as pets. Recreational bird watching is an important part of the ecotourism industry. Many species of birds are economically important as food for human consumption and raw material in manufacturing, with domesticated and undomesticated birds being important sources of eggs, meat, and feathers. Here are the 10 Smallest Bird Species the world ranked by Height of the Bird.

1.Bee Humming Bird(Mellisuga helenae)

The Bee Humming Bird is the smallest living bird and also the world’s lightest bird at under 2 grams. It has the smallest nest in the world. The Bee Humming Bird, zunzuncito or Helena Humming Bird is a species of Humming Bird. They are also known as “the flying jewels” because they are able to change the color of their feathers when they fly, this is the unique character. It is native to Cuba. The Average length of Bee Hummingbird is 5 – 6 centimeters and weight is 1.7 grams. The male has a green pileum and bright red throat, iridescent gorget with elongated lateral plumes, bluish upper parts, and the rest of the under parts mostly grayish white. Female bee hummingbirds are bluish green with a pale gray underside. The tips of their tail feathers have white spots. Hummingbirds are named after the humming sound which is produced by their wings during flight. Hummingbirds are very intelligent animals. They have larger brain size than other birds. Their brain weights 4.2% of the hummingbird total body weight. They do not have the sense of smell.

Hummingbirds can see and hear better than humans. They can even detect ultraviolet light. They can move their wings 70 times in a single second, so it requires a lot of energy. Hummingbirds use carbohydrates (sugars) as the main source of energy for flight. Nectar from flowers is the best source of sugar. It also eats insects, which provide them with enough proteins. Female usually lays 2 eggs, which are very small about just ½ inches long. Eggs represent 10 percent of the mother’s weight. Baby cannot fly and it spends first three weeks of life in the nest. Most hummingbirds die in the first year of their life. Those that survive, have an average lifespan of 5 years in the wild and more than 10 years in captivity.

2.Costa’s Humming Bird(Calypte Costae)

The Costa’s Hummingbirds (Calypte costae) are small North American desert birds that occur in the western United States and Mexico, but are known to wander eastward and as far north as Alaska and Canada. Average length of Costa’s Humming Bird is only 8 centimeters long and average weight is 3 grams. It’s native to the southwestern USA. The desert might seem like a bad place for a creature that feeds at flowers, but it is the favored habitat for Costa’s Hummingbird. The Costa’s hummingbird can usually be found in the arid deserts and gardens of its range. The male Costa’s hummingbird has a green and black back and flanks and a small black tail with patches of white below its tail. The male Costa’s hummingbird sports a vibrant purple cap and has throat feathers that flare out behind its head. The female Costa’s hummingbird, not as distinct as the male, is gray-green above and white on its underparts.

Jules Bourcier, a French naturalist and hummingbird expert named the Costa’s Hummingbird after his friend Louis Marie Pantaleon Costa de Beauregar. Costa was a Sardinian patriot, statesman, military commander, historian, and amateur archaeologist who was also fond of collecting hummingbirds. Compact and short-tailed with a slightly drooping bill. Researchers calculated that a Costa’s Hummingbird needs to visit 1,840 flowers to meet its energy requirements for one day. Even though they are traditionally migratory birds, an increasing number of them choose to remain throughout the year in areas with temperate climates, where food supplies are ample. It feeds on nectar and insects. They are typically found near plants such as the Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia) and cholla cactus (Opuntia acanthocarpa). They use their long, extendible, straw-like tongues to retrieve the nectar while hovering with their tails cocked upward as they are licking at the nectar up to 13 times per second. Sometimes they may be seen hanging on the flower while feeding.

3.WeeBill(Smicrornis Brevirostris)

Average length of WeeBill is just 8 centimeters and weight is 6 grams. Wingspan is approximately 15 cm (5.9 in). The Weebill was described by John Gould in 1838 as Psilopus brevirostris. The Weebill’s common name comes from the short, stubby, pale beak. The eye is pale cream, and there is a pale line above the eye. The Weebill is native to Australia’s jungles, forests and it is Australia’s smallest bird. Inhabits dry, open woodlands, especially Eucalypt forests. Eucalyptus-rich areas, they have a diet that’s based on larvae and small insects. It is very vocal as it forages in trees, where it feeds primarily on insects, sometimes in mixed flocks with thorn bills and pardalotes.

The Weebill (Smicrornis brevirostris) is a species of bird in the family Acanthizidae, it is an insectivorous passerine. The Weebill’s plumage is nondescript, with olive-grey upperparts and paler, more yellowish under parts. It grades from more brownish plumage in the Southern regions of Australia to more yellow in tropical areas. Other names of it include tree-tit, short billed tree-tit, scrub-tit, or short-billed scrub-tit. The voice of the Weebill is a loud, clear, musical “pee-pee p’wee”, “wee bit” or “wee willy weetee”, often heard from a considerable distance. They display a preference for foraging in the canopy foliage of healthy Eucalyptus trees, where they are more likely to retrieve insects. The Weebill is widespread in all climates.

4.Goldcrest(Regulus Regulus)

Goldcrest is the smallest bird in Europe. Average length of Goldcrest(Regulus Regulus) is 9 centimeters, weight is 5.7 grams and wingspan is 14 cm. Goldcrest includes many countries in the Middle East, East and Central Asia, India and many parts of Europe. It is a very small passerine bird in the kinglet family. Birds on the Canary Islands are now separated into two subspecies of the goldcrest, but were formerly considered to be a subspecies of the firecrest or a separate species, Regulus teneriffae. It is small bird with finely shaped bill and a short tail. Crown stripe yellow in female, orange in male. Since bird is often viewed from below, the crown stripe is often not visible. The dark eye with the large, pale grey eye-ring is a better character. Their thin beak is ideally suited for picking insects out from between pine needles.

It’s colourful golden crest feathers, as well as being called the “king of the birds” in European folklore, gives rise to its English and scientific names. The scientific name, R. regulus, means king or knight. The Goldcrest breeds in coniferous woodland and gardens. It builds three-layered nest on a tree branch. It is the fact that Goldcrests can incubate as many as 12 eggs at one time in their nest. Eggs are incubated by the female alone, and the chicks are fed by both parents. Contact call a very high pitched “zit zit zit”, only similar to Firecrest and treecreepers. Goldcrests eat tiny morsels like spiders, moth eggs and other small insect food. Birds from the North and East of its breeding range migrate to winter further South.

5.Simple FireCrest(Regulus Ignicapilla)

Averagelength of Simple FireCrest(Regulus Ignicapilla) is 9.3 centimeters and weight is 5.5 grams. FireCrest is a very small passerine bird in the kinglet family. The Firecrest is as small as the Goldcrest and is clearly very closely related to it, but the two species can coexist because of their subtly different ecological requirements. It is possible that this species was the original “king of the birds” in European folklore. It breeds in most of temperate Europe and northwestern Africa, and is partially migratory, with birds from central Europe wintering to the south and west of their breeding range. This kinglet is constantly on the move and frequently hovers as it searches for insects to eat, and in winter it is often found with flocks of tits.

Firecrests in the Balearic Islands and north Africa are widely recognized as a separate subspecies, but the population on Madeira, previously also treated as a subspecies, is now treated as a distinct species, the Madeira firecrest, Regulus madeirensis. The common Firecrest breeds in broadleaved or coniferous woodland and gardens. Seven to twelve eggs are incubated by the female alone. Both parents feed the chicks, which fledge 22–24 days after hatching. It may be hunted and killed by birds of prey, and can carry parasites. Simple firecrests tend to be seen more frequently during autumn and winter.

6.Pardalote(Pardalotidae)

Average length of Pardalote(Pardalotidae) is 9.5 centimeters and weight is 6 grams. The Pardalote is a particularly attractive Australian bird and native to Australia. Pardalotes are a family, Pardalotidae, of very small and brightly coloured birds. This family is composed of four species in one genus, Pardalotus, and several subspecies. Within the family two species, the forty-spotted pardalote and the red-browed pardalote, are fairly invariant species, but the remaining two species are highly variable. Spotted Pardalote also called as HeadacheBird. All four species nest in deep horizontal tunnels drilled into banks of earth. Externally about the size of a mouse-hole, they can be very deep, at a metre or more.

Some species also nest in tree hollows. Eventhough they weigh just 6 g. Their small size lets them get into small holes of eucalyptus trees to hunt for lerps and other native larvae. The name derives from a Greek word meaning “spotted”. They are seasonal breeders in temperate areas of Australia, but may breed year round in warmer areas. Pardalotes spend most of their time high in the outer foliage of trees, feeding on insects, spiders, and above all lerps. Their role in controlling lerp infestations in the Eucalyptus forests of Australia may be significant. Pardalote has short tail, strong legs, and stubby blunt beak. They are monogamous breeders, and both partners share nest construction, incubation and chick-rearing duties. Voice is a very clear and repetitive double “ding”.

7.Brown Gerygone(Gerygonemouki)

Average length of Brown Gerygone(Gerygonemouki) is 10 centimeters and weight is 6 grams. It is a Small plain bird with thin bill. It’s Upperparts brown, under parts whitish, with gray face, red eye, and distinctive patch of white in under tail. Juveniles lack red eye and have yellow gape (base of bill). Inhabits rainforest, wet forest, and surrounding habitats of Eastern Australia. The Brown Gerygone is similar to both the Large-billed, G. magnirostris, and Mangrove,G. levigaster, Gerygones. The Brown Gerygone is one a group of species of small birds which were formerly known as warblers, due to their loud, melodious song. However, as they are not related to the ‘true warblers’ that occur in Europe, Africa, the Americas and Asia, their name was changed. Their new name, ‘gerygone’, which is pronounced ‘jer-ig-on-nee’, comes from Greek, meaning ‘the children of song’. It is also known as the Brown Warbler.

The tail feathers are dark and may be white-tipped. It feeds on insects. The brown Gerygone call is a soft what-is-it. In Victoria there has been a westward expansion of this species, with confirmed sightings in the Dandenong Ranges, East of Melbourne. It has been seen in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney. The Brown Gerygone builds a rounded dome nest with a tapering ‘tail’ from roots, plant fibres, spider web, moss and lichens, which is suspended from a low branch or vine. Both parents feed their young ones.

8.Verdin(Ariparusflaviceps)

Average length of Verdin(Ariparusflaviceps) is 10 centimeters and weight is 7 grams. The Verdin (Auriparus flaviceps) is a species of penduline tit. Verdins are insectivorous, continuously foraging among the desert trees and scrubs. These restless birds comb the foliage of trees for insects and spiders, sometimes hanging upside down to investigate hard-to-reach places. They supplement their insect diet with fruits and even nectar, which they may sip from hummingbird feeders. Verdin rivals the American bushtit as one of the smallest passerines in North America. It is gray overall, and adults have a bright yellow head and rufous shoulder patch (the lesser coverts). Unlike the tits, it has a sharply pointed bill.

Juveniles have a light gray body without the rufous shoulder patch and yellow head. The base of the short bill is thick by the head, and draws to a sharp point at the tip. Their nests are best described as spherical masses of bulky twigs and branches that are then lined with grasses, feathers, and hair. Verdins nest in shrubs and thorny thickets with few trees. Both males and females build nests for roosting and nesting, and both incubate the eggs and tend to young. Clutch sizes vary from 3-6 eggs, which are light green with irregular dark red-brown spots, concentrated at the bottom end of the egg.

9.GoldenHeaded Cisticola(Cisticola Exiles)

Average length of GoldenHeaded Cisticola(Cisticola Exiles) is 10 centimeters and weight 8 grams. It is tiny, sandy-colored bird with short tail and dark-streaked back. Breeding adult males have orange-gold crown. Inhabits grasslands of northern and eastern Australia, where perches prominently. Very similar Zitting Cisticola always has a streaked crown and a very different “tick-tick-tick” song but otherwise almost identical. The Golden-headed cisticola (Cisticola exilis), also known as the bright-capped cisticola. It is a species of warbler in the family Cisticolidae. It is also known as the “finest tailor of all birds”. It constructs nests out of plants and spider threads.

This species has been known by several English names in addition to the golden-headed cisticola, including bright-capped cisticola, bright-headed cisticola, bright-crowned cisticola, gold-capped cisticola, yellow-headed cisticola, exile warbler and fan-tail warbler. Males slightly heavier than females. The Golden-headed cisticola is omnivorous, primarily eating invertebrates such as insects and small slugs, but also eating grass seeds. It usually inhabits a single place throughout its life, but habitat changes sometimes cause it to move to a different location. It produces a variety of sounds distinct from other birds, which, according to the Sunshine Coast Council, range from a “teewip” to a “wheezz, whit-whit”. It mates in the rainy season. Three to four eggs are laid at a time, which are incubated by the female, taking 11 days. After hatching, the female feeds the chicks and the male defends the nest, chasing away animals that come near it. Young remain in the nest for 11–13 days.

10.Lesser GoldFinch(Spinus Psaltria)

Average length of Lesser GoldFinch(Spinus Psaltria) is 10 centimeters and weight is 10 grams. The Lesser Goldfinch is known by its scientific name Spinus psaltria, is a small perching bird that’s common to the Southwestern United States. It is native to North America, the Bahamas, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. Though similar in looks to the common sparrow, these birds, unlike the sparrow, hail from the finch family. Lesser Goldfinches are beautiful songbirds whose scientific name is derived from the ancient Greek word for female harpists, psalteria. Lesser Goldfinch birds were first formally described by the American zoologist, Thomas Say. While American Goldfinches lose all the yellow color from their plumage in winter, the Lesser Goldfinch retains a yellow tone. Though, both Lesser Goldfinches and American Goldfinches have a grayish-toned bill in winter plumage.

It feeds in small groups moving through low weeds, shrubs and trees to take mainly small seeds, as well as buds, flowers, or fruits, often visits feeders. It’s a very common bird that’s found in multiple habitats at different elevations and has been observed to be a predominantly monogamous bird. It is particularly sexually dimorphic, with significant coloration differences between males and females. Nests generally were placed toward tips of long branches in the middle of ponderosa pines. Most nests were well concealed in needle clusters in trees near forest edges and openings. This petite species is not only the smallest North American SpinusFinch, it may be the smallest true Finch in the world. Males are easily recognized by their bright yellow under parts and big white patches in the tail (outer rectrices) and on the wings. Female is similar to American Goldfinch. Like other goldfinches, it has an undulating flight in which it frequently gives a call: in this case, a harsh chig chig chig.

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THE GREAT 10 SMALLEST HOMES IN THE WORLD

by Sree DivyaUncategorizedLeave a Comment on THE GREAT 10 SMALLEST HOMES IN THE WORLD

A Home is the place where one lives permanently, especially as a member of a family or household. A home is the social unit formed by a family living together. From energy expenditure to building materials, living in a smaller house is one of the best ways to reduce your ecological footprint. Giving up the luxury of space and living more minimally isn’t always easy, but it does come with a few perks: fewer possessions, bigger skies, and open spaces. A smaller house makes it easier to cozy up to your loved ones. A building is a relatively permanent enclosed construction over a plot of land, having a roof and usually windows and often more than one level, used for any of a wide variety of activities, as living, entertaining, or manufacturing. Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, and aesthetic reasons. Here is the list of 10 Smallest Homes in the world.

1.Micro Compact Home

Micro Compact Homes are now in use and available throughout Europe, combines techniques for high quality compact ‘living’ spaces deployed in aircraft, yachts, cars, and micro apartments. The measurement of Micro Compact Home is only 2.6 meters by 2.6 meters. The project was initiated by Prof. Richard Horden with his team of students and assistants in 2001. It includes room for two double beds, a bathroom, lobby, dining space for 4 to 5 people, a kitchen and top-notch entertainment technology. Cube living spaces, inspired by the scale and order of Japanese teahouses, were designed with short-term guests and cash-strapped students in mind. The Micro compact home is a high quality compact dwelling house.

It is measurements of 2.66 m cube adapt it to a variety of sites and circumstances, and it’s functioning spaces of cooking, dining, sleeping and hygiene make it suitable for everyday use. The team of researchers and designers based in London and at the Technical University in Munich developed the Micro Compact Home (m-ch) as an answer to an increasing demand for short stay living accommodation for students, business people, sports and leisure use and for weekenders. Quality of design, touch and use are the key objectives for the micro compact home team for ‘short stay smart living’. Its design has been informed by the classic scale and order of a Japanese teahouse, combined with advanced concepts and technologies.

2.Toronto’s Little House

Toronto’s Little House Built in 1912 by contractor Arthur Weeden. Toronto’s Little House, as it’s known, is only about 7′ wide, 47′ deep, with a total of less than 300 square feet of living space inside. Toronto’s tiniest home, referred to as The Little House, located near Dufferin and Rogers Road, buckle up. It has a living room, kitchen, bedroom with Murphy bed, and bath. The kitchen comes with a table and chairs that fold up when you’re not using them. Weeden Born in England and migrated to Canada in 1902. 10 years before he built the little house. He worked as the superintendent of the old Lighthouse Mission and later became known as one of the pioneer builders in this area of Toronto.

He finished building the house, that was originally intended to serve as a small thruway for cars between these two existing houses, Weeden lived in it for 20 years with his wife in the first half of the 20th century. Toronto’s Little House was sold for $135,000 at the beginning of 2007 to a couple. In 2007, the most recent owners renovated the entire space in an attempt to make it as useful and enjoyable as possible. Weeden went on to build several other projects in this area of Toronto and was known as one of the pioneer builders in that neighbourhood. The Little House is just that, a little house is the smallest house in all of Toronto areas. The average Canadian lives in 1,792 square feet.

  1. Tumbleweed Houses

The year was 1999 when our first tiny home was mounted to a trailer. The little home was named Tumbleweed because it had roots and was mobile all at the same time. They help people reach their dreams of downsizing their homes and upsizing their quality of life. Tumbleweed provides training materials, workshops, full plans and support for thousands of people looking to downsize into a Tumbleweed. Many people want their tiny house on wheels to as light-weight as possible, so they are safer and easier to tow. They also want their Tumbleweed Tiny House to have a modern interior including flat walls, but sheet rock will stress and crack with windy and shaky road conditions.

Tumbleweed Tiny House Company is a company in Sonoma, California. The houses on wheels are available to be purchased ready made and shipped to consumers. In 2002 Tumbleweed’s owner, Jay Shafer, co-founded the Small House Society in Iowa City, Iowa. Jay Shafer crafted beautifully and every inch well used. Gregory Paul Johnson was commissioned in 2003. This company designs and builds small houses between 65 and 887 square feet (6 and 80 m2), Many are timber-framed homes permanently attached to trailers for mobility. The company also offers construction plans for their mobile houses and larger designs also such as cottages etc. The company reported selling only one house per year in 2008. In 2009, this had increased five-fold. In 2011, the company reported that building only few houses can be given annually.

  1. Rollit Homes

RollIt, a cool experimental house, resulted from the collaboration among different institutes within the University of Karlsruhe. Students from the University of Karlsruhe in Germany have been experimenting with a very unique new type of modular housing unit. This cyclindrical design is a modular prototype that provides flexible space within a minimum housing unit. Three different sections are dedicated to different functional needs: there’s a bed and table in section, toilet with shower, an exercise cylinder, and a kitchen with a sink. Rollit Home includes everything you’d need in a home for one. Owner of the home can change the structure of the house by walking in the center to rotate it.

The unit is built from four support rings over a rigid inner shell, while a translucent membrane wraps the cylinder and can be printed with advertisements. Thin wooden slats circle the unit to provide a smooth running surface to roll it and openings on the side and slated windows let light into the interior. Mattresses and cushions are held on with velcro or put away inside cabinets when not in use. The interior is covered with 15 mm thick OSB panels. Rollit, which won a design competition in collaboration with the Institute for Industrial Design and construction output (IFIB), was carefully designed and configured to incorporate multiple uses inside a small living space. Make sure that you’re on flat ground with a break otherwise things could get way out of hand if you started to roll down a hill.

  1. Smallest House in Great Britain

Smallest House is also known as the Quay House. It is reported to be smallest house in the United Kingdom. A former fisherman’s hut deemed too small for habitation is now a delightful tourist draw and actually looks quite cozy. It can be found nestled amongst a terrace of houses. Smallest House in Britain is a tourist attraction in Conwy, Wales. The Measurement of this house is only 10 feet by 6 feet, Until 1900, the measurement of 6 foot, 3 inch was occupied by fisherman, Robert Jones. As this is enough for stove, water tap, bedroom cabinet and a bed. Now it costs $1.30 to visit and take a peek inside. While it’s more suited to one occupant, back in the 19th century, it was known to have been occupied by couples.

The Smallest House in Great Britain, measuring 72 inches across, 122 inches high and 120 inches deep and is listed in the Guinness Book of Records. The house has a floor area of 3.05 by 1.8 metres (10.0 by 5.9 ft) and is painted red. It stands near the Conwy Castle walls. The ground floor is devoted to the living area with room for coal and an open fire, and a water tap tucked behind the stairs. The upstairs holds the cramped bedroom, which also comes with a small niche for storage. Visitors are welcome to briefly explore the little home, and are usually welcomed by a woman in traditional Welsh garb. Entry costs £1.50 for Adults & £1 for Children under 16. They can explore the first floor, but the second floor has become too unstable, although guests can still peek their heads into the still-furnished bedroom.

  1. Tiny Texas Houses

Tiny Homes is an Award Winning, International Company with hundreds and hundreds of design clients and plan customers in 9 Nations so far; including those in 48 US States. The houses Brad Kittel builds may be tiny, but they’re the product of big vision, pure salvage, and a fair amount of space magic. Texas Tiny Homes is not only tiny and small home builders. It is a design company, as well as residential land developers in North Texas. They have multiple tiny home plans, small home plans, mid-size home plans, lake home plans and mountain home plans that range in price from $15 to $999.99. Tiny Texas Houses still builds organic sustainable cottages and House Art at Salvage for people, who get to live in Paradise. Even if you’ve never driven through Luling, you’ve probably encountered a Tiny Texas House somewhere else. Chances are, among all of the tiny house media you’ve admired, you’ve almost certainly seen a house designed and built by Brad Kittel and his Tiny Texas Houses. Tiny Texas Houses are distinguished by the special materials used in their construction, and the ingenuity in their achievement of space where little space is otherwise available. Brad could build tiny houses more economically, and more environmentally friendly than other pioneers in the movement were doing at the time.

Brad’s vision was to make what was old new again, collecting materials that had already been created but discarded, and reusing them to build unique homes with distinct personality. Each house Brad designs is different, utilizing special materials in creatively functional ways. He generally does not choose a theme for a house. Wonderful, old, and very functional materials are finding their salvation. The wood Brad uses is predominately old-growth long leaf pine and loblolly pine, which there is very little of left standing, and which is a better building material for his purposes than any freshly cut lumber due to its superior strength. We all learned that counting the rings on a tree stump will tell you its age. But for the strength of the lumber, what’s important is how close together those rings are. The dark part of the ring is what gives it strength, so the more tightly spaced they are, the stronger the wood will be. 20,000 square feet, comprised of material warehouses as well as wood shops and fabrication areas are there in Luling. Additionally 80,000 square feet of space stacked to the brim with more planks, windows, doors, glass, sinks, bathtubs, and other tiny-house-building necessities.

  1. Eco Bike Trailer

The number of different options for personal electric mobility is growing rapidly, with new electric skateboards, scooters, bikes, motorcycles, and more hitting the market every week, but one solution hasn’t gotten nearly the amount of traction that the others have. However, for those who love to bike, and who don’t want to convert their bike to electric, but would like a little something extra for those days when hauling cargo, an electric bike trailer might be just the ticket. Paul Elkins originally designed this bike trailer to get around the Burning Man Festival. There’s only space for one, and if you need to use the restroom you’ll have to resort to the great outdoors, but it is fully powered by a wind turbine and comes equipped with a solar-powered oven and heating system. Ebikes generally start with a motor with power output of about 250w. Electric bikes are ideal for towing a trailer and will make it even easier to ride up hills and longer distances while hauling some extra weight. Whatever you plan to tow with your electric bike, with the right size electric motor, an ebike can give you a boost when you need it or just keep the ride easier while towing a trailer to the destination. With an electric bike you’ll be able to tow more weight, with less effort.

Some common bike trailers weigh up to 40 lbs before cargo, kids, or pets are added, but in many cases with an ebike you can comfortably pull any of these loads. Most bike trailers attach to the rear triangle, to the seat post, or through a special quick release skewer on the rear wheel. Make sure that the bike trailer you’re considering is compatible with your electric bike. The main sources for compatibility issues is with disc brakes, the axle or drive train. Here are some typical types of trailers you could find behind an electric bike. 1.Kid trailers (Kid trailers come in one seater or two seater varieties, there are lots of options available. These can also include a trailer bike which are like the back half of a bicycle attached to the seat post, allowing kids to pedal along) 2.Cargo trailers (Cargo trailers come in all shapes and sizes and allow you take heavy gear longer distances. They come in two wheel or one wheel varieties) 3.Pet Trailers (Pet trailers are similar to cargo trailers above, but with usually have enclosed sides to keep pets in the trailer and a more rigid bottom for a more stable place for paws or claws to rest. Pet trailers can be used as cargo trailers, but not all cargo trailers could easily be used for pets)

  1. Twelve Cubed Mini Home

Twelve cubed Mini Home makes a 12′ by 12′ cube house for customers. At such a small size we would be surprised as to what fits inside. Cube house creates opportunities for people while helping the environment. James Started doing with his Twelve3 prefab tiny house company. The company is based in Vancouver Island, British Columbia. According to Twelve Cubed designers, these tiny homes feature a dishwasher, microwave and modern oven combo, bathroom, closet, and plenty of natural light. The mission behind the homes is to allow more people to live more sustainably, but the cute design is a temptation in and of itself. James from Canada designed and lived in Tiny Home. He lived in Europe for a lot of his life and used his ideas for compact efficient home. He decided to see how small it would be possible to make a home that was still comfortable to live in and at the same time use building materials as efficient as possible.

The choice to pick 12 foot dimensions for his primary unit. Most micro designs have the bedroom at the top of a steep flight of stairs or you have to use a ladder. It took 8 months to get a building permit. Ten foot sized unit needs no permission to be built. They designed using grey-water systems and a solar version. So no outside power is required. Very little energy is required to run. Customers truly enjoy the benefits of living simply. An average 1 bedroom apartment produces 5 tons of CO2 annually, but a cube produces only 0.8 tons annually. It has enough space inside to sleep 3 persons comfortably. It will be comfortable and quiet. Price of Cube starts from CDN $24,500. The beauty of this unit is that they can pre build the Cube, and then load them on a flat deck, and ship them to the customer’s site for a very reasonable cost.

  1. Nano House

Housing is a basic necessity of human beings across the globe. In Nano Housing, Dr Suresh Haware brings out a detailed study and offers solutions for the housing needs of people. Dr Suresh Haware is a motivational business leader acclaimed for his organizational and administrative skills. Nano housing is the outcome of an in-depth practical research which has the potential to fulfill the dream of the common man with an affordable house at an affordable price. The Nano designs ranging in size from single story, one bedroom plans in the 400 square foot range, to two story, two bedroom plans that push 800 square feet. Nano house is created to help solve the world’s global housing crisis, these 25 square meter homes are designed to house a family of four. Nano Living System homes are also equipped with state of the art insulation and passive solar heating for energy savings. The rooms are convertible to make the most of the tiny space. The company also helps connect businesses and government agencies when it comes to constructing sustainable and cost efficient materials and designs.

This suggests an optimistic and environmental solution for the global housing issue of very small living spaces at extremely high prices. This is made possible by the incorporation of the “suspending technology”, which nearly doubles the size of the living area within this space by transforming what is common living space by day into two separate bedrooms by night. The “suspending technology” can be used in new construction and can also be adapted to be used in existing structures, such as hotels, studios, dormitories and very small housing. The Nano Living System is a Swiss made “green” pre-engineered concept for residential use that presents an innovative and sustainable architectural proposition. This suggests an optimistic and environmental solution for the global housing issue of very small living spaces at extremely high prices. The Nano embodies Unity’s intelligent design, high performance and efficient production in a compact package.

  1. Single Hauz

Poland based, Front Architects, describe the compact house Single Hauz as a kind of manifest, proposal of a house for a Western Worlder. It is especially predisposed for sites of an interesting landscaping. It is intended to a single person or couple to live in. Single Hauz is for instance forests, seas, lakes, mountains, next to the main city street. These cutting-edge home designs, inspired by the look of roadside billboards, can be built into almost any space. Living lightly takes on new meaning with the Single Hauz from Poland-based front architects.

The Single Hauz is just 27 square meters (290 square feet) with bathroom, kitchen and living space filling the elevated first floor and opening to a deck with the vista of your choice. The second floor provides a sleeping loft and access to the roof. They can even be built as raised homes over a body of water. According to Polish creators Front Architects, the house is perfect for the contemporary, single, independent and modern Western man, who we also assume ought to be an environmentalist. The house can then be installed above a variety of ground conditions, from the middle of a meadow to an urban core.

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THE 10 GREAT SMALLEST AIRLINES IN THE WORLD

by Sree DivyaUncategorizedLeave a Comment on THE 10 GREAT SMALLEST AIRLINES IN THE WORLD

An Airline is an organization providing a regular public service for passengers and goods of air transport on one or more routes. It is a system that provides scheduled flights for passengers or cargo. Wright brothers of India invented the Aeroplane. Airlines utilize aircraft to supply these services. An Air Transportation system includes its equipment, routes, operating personnel, and management. Not all airlines are created equal. The best international airlines not only connect travelers with some of the coolest destinations on the planet but also do it with the grace. We are looking for leadership and airlines that innovate to make a real difference to the passenger experience particularly in economy class. A full service airline typically offers passengers in flight entertainment, checked baggage, meals, beverages and comforts such as blankets and pillows in the ticket price. There are still tiny airlines out there, and some of them operate with class, quality and impeccable safety. List of the best small airlines includes one that’s been shuttling between the same two destinations for 40 years. To pick this list of ten great small airlines around the world, we scheduled Airlines that serve 20 or fewer destinations. None of these Airlines had ever had a fatal crash, looked at awards and ratings from independent sources.

1.Druk Air

Drukair crowned winner for the Best Airline Marketing award 2013. The seats are tiny, but apparently so are most people in Bhutan, the home country of little Druk Air. The national airline of Bhutan, Druk Air is also known as brug mkha’ ‘grul las ‘dzi and is headquartered in the western dzongkhag of Paro. Drukair operates a most scheduled flight network within the South Asian region from its major operating base at Paro Airport and currently consists of eight destinations in five countries. It was founded in the year 1981, the formation of the airline marked the end of the self imposed isolation which the country was practicing. The first ever flight took off on 11th February from Paro Airport and was bound for Calcutta in India utilizing Dornier Do 228 aircraft. Due to the unusual location of the airport, deep in a valley 2,235 metres above sea level, the airline then could operate only 18–20 seat STOL-capable aircraft with operating capabilities which included a high service ceiling, high rate of climb and high maneuverability.

The first Airbus A319 arrived in Bhutan on 19 October 2004. Until 23 August 2010 Drukair was the only airline flying into Bhutan. In a region where much airline service is either dangerous or officious, Druk Air’s service meets Bhutan’s unusual goal of enhancing the country’s “gross national happiness.” The airline’s short flights to seven destinations often give passengers a close view of Mount Everest while they’re eating their free, hot curries. The airline’s skilled pilots have never crashed on the daring descents into Paro Airport, one of the most perilous landings in the world. Currently Drukair operates flights from Paro to Bagdogra, Bangkok, Delhi, Dhaka, Gaya, Guwahati, Kathmandu, Kolkata, Mumbai, Thimpu and Singapore. From two destinations in 1983, today, Drukair operates seven times a week to Bangkok where five flights go via Kolkata and two flights through Gaya, thrice to Kathmandu, 3 times to Delhi and bi weekly to Singapore. Druk Air generally release its schedule 3 to 6 months beforehand.

2.FlyBaboo

FlyBaboo was founded in 2003 and it reaches parts of the Mediterranean limits. There are dozens of small regional European airlines, but Baboo, a Geneva-based airline that flies to 15 destinations within Europe. Baboo got stellar scores on review sites, because of a lot of small customer-service touches: food from a local bakery, little goodie bags for kids, and even perfumed towels for passengers. Baboo was recently purchased by Swiss regional airline Darwin; hopefully that won’t lead to a decline in service. Main destinations are London city – Athens – Bordeaux – Toulouse – Bucharest – Geneva – Nice – Rome – Florence – Venice – Valencia – St. Tropez – Biarritz – Ibiza – Larnaca Lugano.

3.Nature Air

Being “carbon neutral” is important in Costa Rica, a small country whose jungle is both a natural resource and a major tourist attraction. The airline had its origins in 1989 with the founding of Travelair, a scheduled domestic air service in Costa Rica. Nature Air was founded in 2003. The best and safest of Costa Rica’s domestic airlines, Nature Air donates money to reforestation projects to offset the exhaust its planes, like all planes, belch into the atmosphere. The airline also has its own terminal in San Jose, which is quieter and more pleasant than the international terminal, and unusually large “panoramic” windows on its small planes, so you can ogle Costa Rica’s jungle scenery on your way to one of its 17 destinations. Between 2001 and 2016, the airline grew under its new management team and brand, boosted by the increasing popularity of Costa Rica as an eco-tourism and adventure travel destination.

In 2010, Nature Air advertised 74 daily flights to 15 destinations in Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Panama. It is claiming to be the world’s first carbon neutral airline, it was one of the first airlines to publicize its sustainability credentials during a period of rapidly-expanding interest in eco-tourism. Nature Air received a number of awards, including a Global Vision Award for Sustainability from Travel and Leisure magazine in 2011. This airline served destinations including Golfito, Barra Colorado, Liberia, Nosara Beach, Palmar, Puerto Jimenez, Punta Islita, Quepos, San Jose, Tamarindo, Tambor and Tortuguero. Along with their domestic services, Nature Air also offered two international routes to Bocas del Toro in Panama and Managua in Nicaragua.

  1. New England Airlines

New England Airlines is an airlines/aviation company based out of 56 Airport Rd, Westerly, Rhode Island, United States. One of America’s tiniest scheduled airlines, NEA has been a lifeline for the residents of Block Island, RI for more than 40 years. It was and is the only scheduled airline with its primary bases of operation in Rhode Island. NEA is aviation from an earlier time, still run by its founder, with no ambition to expand or connect to larger airlines, flying its little 12-minute runs every hour or seven days a week. All are in the heart of the USA’s congested Northeast Corridor.

It has been providing daily scheduled air service to Block Island as a certificated Commuter (a person who travels some distance to work on a regular basis) Airline since 1970. Air services, provided by New England Airlines, are offered daily from Westerly, RI. The airline is noted for its provision of cargo delivery services, including Chinese food delivered from the mainland to the Block Island airport in as little as 90 minutes. According to records, half of the business comes from charter requests for business workers in the New York area and other locations along the northeast coast.

5.OpenSkies

OpenSkies is the last of a bunch of “all-business-class” airlines that plied routes between the U.S. and Europe over the past few years. It’s owned by British Airways, but flies between New York and Paris. Its headquarters were located in Rungis, near Paris. The airline launched as a brand of BA European Limited in June 2008, but in April 2009 the name was transferred to Elysair. The airline was a full-service carrier and offered three class service cabins. Wanted to reduce its dependence on its Heathrow Airport hub. The routes that OpenSkies operated were made possible due to the EU-US Open Skies Agreement, which permits any airline based in the United States or the European Union to operate services to and from any EU or American location.

BA European Limited, trading as Openskies, launched originally with a United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority Type A Operating Licence. This permitted the airline to carry passengers, cargo, and mail on aircraft with 20 or more seats. OpenSkies’ first flight, from New York, was on 19 June 2008, using a single Boeing 757 transferred from the BA fleet. The comfort it offers somewhere between coach and business class, with prices more like coach is a civilized way to travel, even if OpenSkies’ planes can be a little run down.

6.Porter Airlines

Porter’s hub airport is a big part of its appeal. It flies to 14 destinations with a hub at Toronto’s Billy Bishop Island Airport, which is right next to downtown and offers airline-lounge-style amenities for all travelers. Porter’s operation at the Toronto airport was launched in 2006 with some controversy. Porter opened a new, larger passenger terminal at the island airport in March 2010. In 2013, Porter made a proposal to expand Toronto Island airport to allow jets. Porter Airlines is a regional airline headquartered at Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport on the Toronto Islands in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Owned by Porter Aviation Holdings, formerly known as REGCO Holdings Inc., Porter operates regularly scheduled flights between Toronto and locations in Canada and the United States using Canadian-built Bombardier Q400 turboprop aircraft.

Porter has been acting as a backbone to the economy and has become a frontrunner in providing mini trucks for transporting goods. Porter helps all type of businesses, traders, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, wholesalers, contractors, individuals such as house shifters, luggage shifting and deliveries by facilitating efficient and reliable logistics to cater to their transport needs. Porter Airlines is Canada’s third-largest scheduled carrier. Rated top small airline in the world in Condé Nast Traveler’s 2013 Readers Choice Awards, Porter is committed to offering speed, convenience and service as part of a premium travel experience. Rated a 4-star airline, Porter charms fliers with an upbeat attitude and cute, own-branded snacks on even short flights. It’s a terrific alternative to the chilly, impersonal Air Canada experience. has been acting as a backbone to the economy here and has become a frontrunner.

7.Skywest Airlines, Australia

Having been in operation for nearly 50 years, Skywest Airlines has established a strong foundation in the corporate charter industry in the region, catering to mining companies, tourists, and business travelers. It ferries an average of 810,000 passengers per year on its Fokker 50 turboprops and Fokker 100 jet planes, and its recently acquired Airbus A320 aircraft. A regional carrier based in Perth, Skywest Airlines Pty. Ltd. flies to 24 destinations in Western Australia, Darwin, and Melbourne. It also offers charter flights to domestic destinations, as well as to Bali in Indonesia. Based at the Perth Airport, Skywest Airlines operates on a fleet of 22 aircraft with 14 more on order. Founded in 1963, Skywest initially started its air carrier service with charter flights under the name Carnarvon Air Taxis. Then based out of Carnarvon in Western Australia, it operated a fleet of small aircraft, and changed its name to Skywest Aviation in 1979 upon moving its main hub to Jandakot Airport in Perth.

By 1980, it acquired Stillwell Airlines and changed its name yet again to its present brand, Skywest Airlines. In the course of its history, It has effectively merged with TransWest Airlines, was purchased by the Perron group, then subsequently sold to TNT/News Ltd, after which it operated as an air carrier under Ansett Australia. In 2004, it became subject of a hostile takeover by CaptiveVision Capital Ltd., a Singaporean investment company. After announcing a 10-year alliance with Virgin Australia in January 2011, 10% of its shares were purchased by Virgin Australia Holdings in April 2012. It is a member of the Virgin Australia’s Velocity Rewards Frequent Flyer program, and offers in-flight meals, an in-flight bar, and extensive legroom in all its seating classes.

8.St. Barth Commuter

St Barth Commuter is an airline providing scheduled and non-scheduled services to and from the exclusive island of Saint Barthelemy. Our fleet of Cessna Caravan performs over 9000 flights each year throughout the Caribbean carrying 40000 passengers. The airline was founded in 1995 and began services to Saint Maarten with a single Britten-Norman BN2A Islander. In 2005 the fleet was increased and added new routes to San Juan, Puerto Rico and the French side of Saint Martin, Marigot.

The airline is wholly owned by Bruno Magras. St Barth Commuter is a French airline based in Saint-Barthelemy in the Caribbean. The best of the tiny airlines which crisscross the Caribbean, St. Barth Commuter is “the cream of the crop on St. Barts.” The eensy little, privately-owned airline shuttles people between the larger airports on St. Martin/St. Maarten and St. Barth’s airport, avoiding the need for ferries. Flying into St. Barts is a hoot, too: you land on a tiny airstrip between two volcanic hills, braking mere feet from sunbathers on the beach, according to Flippin.

9.V Australia

Established in 2004, Virgin Australia Holdings owned the long haul V Australia airlines. Virgin Blue announced the rebranding of V Australia and Pacific Blue Australia in 2011. These services came under a single brand name called Virgin Australia. Since 2011, it is popularly known as V Australia. Part of the Virgin empire, V Australia flies to a shifting handful of destinations, but its core route shuttles travelers between Los Angeles and Australia. V Australia has 5 airlines under its fleet. V Australia served the following destinations such as Brisbane, Melbourne, Sydney, Abu Dhabi and Los Angeles and in addition Johannesburg, Phuket and Nadi. V Australia has interline agreements with Alaska Airlines to Seattle, Delta Air Lines and Horizon Air to Portland. In addition, V Australia signed a codeshare agreement with Etihad Airlines. The airline has placed orders with Boeing for 77-300R aircraft for international routes. The first aircraft named Didgeree Blue was delivered to V Australia in Seattle in 2009.

In 2010, 2 Boeing 777 orders were placed for delivery in 2012. However, in 2012, due to unprofitability on some routes the airline ceased 777-300R services to Johannesburg and Phuket. In 2011, with a partnership with Etihad Airways services were deployed from Sydney to Abu Dhabi. We can quickly and easily find flights from V Australia Airlines to the lowest price. Safety is a major priority for Virgin Australia International Airlines. When you fly to global destination on its vast network, you are in safe hands. The journey will be memorable and you will land on time. V brings that Virgin flair to long-haul travel with great in-flight entertainment, two bars, soothing lighting, USB charging ports at every seat and the ability to send text messages when you’re over the Pacific. Like other Virgin airlines, it’s young, fun, and reasonably priced.

10.Virgin America

Flying to 15 destinations with a hub at San Francisco, Virgin’s U.S. carrier is currently the most celebrated low-cost airline in the U.S. It won Skytrax’s award for best low-cost airline in North America, and Zagat’s award for best mid-sized U.S. airline. 2018, Virgin America was a US-based airline which provides low-fare services between the East and West coasts of the United States. The airline was a subsidiary of Virgin and was based at San Francisco International Airport, California. Virgin America flew to many destinations across North America but some of its most popular included Cancun, Puerto Vallarta, Palm Springs, San Diego, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Orlando, Kahului, Honolulu, Chicago, Boston, Las Vegas, Newark, New York City, Portland, San Jose and Orange County. At the time that it stopped flying, it flew to over 35 destinations, the majority of which were taken on by Alaska Airlines.

In April 2016, it was announced that Virgin America was to be acquired by Alaska Airlines. The integration of the two airlines was completed in 2018. The Virgin American Elevate program was merged into the Alaska Airlines Mileage Plan program, allowing all passengers to transfer their air miles and membership over to Alaska Airlines. During its time of operation, Virgin America was awarded many accolades, including ‘Best Domestic Airline’ in Conde Nast Traveller’s Reader Choice Awards. When Virgin America merged into Alaska Airlines, it flew to several destinations across Canada, Mexico and the US. This included destinations such as San Francisco, Los Angeles, Washington D.C, Honolulu, Austin, Dallas, New York City, Seattle, Toronto, Cancun and many more. Virgin America already had a reputation for making flying fun again. It paired a playful brand personality with a great customer experience, introducing perks like touch-screen entertainment, personal power outlets, and Wi-Fi on every flight.

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THE GREAT 10 SMALLEST FISHES DISCOVERED IN THE WORLD

by Sree DivyaUncategorizedLeave a Comment on THE GREAT 10 SMALLEST FISHES DISCOVERED IN THE WORLD

Fish is any of a large group of vertebrate animals that live in water, breathe with gills, and usually have fins and scales. It is cold-blooded, aquatic vertebrate animal. The world is full of amazing creatures. We have already seen vast amounts of creatures around the world. Lots of them possess different kinds of heights and weights. Sometimes we just got astonished by seeing them in such kinds of fish. In whatever way, we rarely have seen smallest creatures because those smallest creatures are mainly hiding behind deep of the sea or any arduous places that are too much confounding to reach. Some tiny creatures we can’t even see with our open eyes. You can be amazed when you will learn that there are different fishes on the ocean, which are considered as the tiniest and smallest fishes in the world. Here is the list of 10 Smallest Fishes discovered in the World.

  1. Dwarf Pygmy Goby

The Dwarf Pygmy Goby or Philippine goby or Pandaka Pygmaea is a subtropical species of fish from mangrove areas in Southeast Asia. It is known as one of the smallest fishes. It can only be found in subtropical waters in subtropical countries. It has full-grown males can reach from 0.9 cm to 1.1 cm while its female can reach highest 1.5 cm. Adults weigh around 4 milligrams. Its mainland is Philippine. Lifespan of Dwarf Pygmy Goby is 2 months. In Philippine, it’s also been known as ‘’Bia’’ and ‘’Tabios’’. Recently, Pandaka Pygmaea also is seen in Indonesia and Singapore.

The look of this fish is so crystal clear. It looks so translucent and pale. Pandaka pygmaea lives in shallow, tropical brackish water and mangrove areas where mainly found on muddy bottoms or among plants. Also known before as National Fish in the Philippines on 1994 until recently they changed it to milk fish. A colorless and nearly transparent species, the dwarf pygmy goby has a moderately elongated and robust body. Males are slender with nearly straight dorsal and ventral profiles, while the females appear stouter with the dorsal profile slightly curved.

  1. Paedocypris

Paedocypris is a smallest new genus of paedomorphic cyprinid fish from highly acidic blackwater peat swamps in Southeast Asia. Paedocypris is a class of small cyprinid fish from Southeast Asian islands like Sumatra, Bintan. Paedocypris progenetica has been claimed to be one of the smallest species of fish in the world. The most little size female Paedocypris can be grown at highest 7.9 mm. The largest individual of this species grown was 10.3 mm. It’s an almost impossible thing to see these fishes swimming around. First of all, it’s too much tiny and this species only found in swamps and streams where watercolors are literally dark and shadowy.

Their miniature transparent bodies lack the typical features characteristic of adult fish, for instance a bony skull structure around its brain, and it retains the postanal larval fin-fold along the ventral edge of the caudal peduncle, characteristic of fish larvae. Paedocypris has many ‘larval’ features typically associated with paedomorphic fish (e.g. narrow frontals that leave the brain unprotected dorsally by bone and a precaudal larval-fin-fold), but, uniquely among fishes, males also possess highly modified pelvic fins with hypertrophied muscles and a keratinized pad in front of the pelvic girdle, which, we hypothesize, function together as a clasping or holding device, thereby suggesting an unusual reproductive mode.

  1. Schindleria brevipinguis

Schindleria brevipinguis is kind of a fish which considered to be species of marine fish. It is indigenous to Australia’s Great Barrier Reef and to Osprey Reef in the Coral Sea. It is generally known as stout infant fish. Lifespan of Schindleria brevipinguis Is 2 months. Schindleria brevipinguis is one of the tiniest fish in the world along with Pandaka Pygmaea and Paedocypris. The male version of this fish can be reached at highest 7.7mm. The female version of S. Brevipinguis can be reached at highest 8.4mm. The highest length of this species usually can be reached at 10mm.

The first stout infantfish was captured in 1979 by the Australian Museum’s Jeff Leis during fieldwork in the Lizard Island / Carter Reef area of the Great Barrier Reef. It is transparent without pigmentation, except for its eyes, and lacks teeth, scales and certain characteristics typical of other fishes. Scientists note that the stout infantfish’s unusual appearance corresponds with its extremely short lifespan, which is believed to be approximately two months. Schindleria brevipinguis apparently provides an even more extreme example of paedomorphosis than its congeners.

  1. Knipowitschia

Knipowitschia is a small fish species is claimed to have initiated in Eurasia. Knipowitschia is a class of the marine group and can be found in fresh waters and brackish waters. The family of Knipowitschia is Gobiidae and subfamily is Gobiinae. It is also known as Dwarf gobies. Dwarf gobies which live in the Indian Ocean usually reach 1 cm in length. It is an animal of Animalia kingdom though. Lifespan of Knipowitschia if less than 2 years. Genus name almost certainly honours Nikolai Mikhailovich Knipovich, a biologist who led a number of expeditions to the Caspian Sea.

A short-lived species which inhabits shallow, well vegetated habitats – streams, lakes, estuaries, lagoons, lower reaches of rivers, springs and brooks. Feeds on invertebrates. southern and easternmost of the genus Knipowitschia in the Mediterranean region. byblisia sp.nov. is placed in a group of species with reduced cephalic lateral-line canals and reduced squamation. This species is characterized by the presence of axillary and caudal peduncular patches of scales, by a distinct reduced head canal system with only the postorbital section of the supraorbital canal developed and with longitudinal and transversal rows of free neuromasts in the interorbit.

  1. Jawfish

The Jawfishes are generally found in the Pacific Ocean. It can also be found in tepid parts of the Atlantic and the Indian Ocean. The scientific name of Jawfish called ‘’Opistognathidae’’. Lifespan of Jawfish is more than 1 year. The species-level taxonomy is decomposable, and the family comprises several undescribed taxon. Jawfishes are physically comparable with Blennies. Jawfish species can be up to 10 cm with extended parts of the body.But, there are some different Jawfish called as ‘’Giant Jawfish’’ who possess comparatively large body parts and can grow up to 0.5 m. It usually stay in the lair; they dig up at grainy places. Jawfishes generally extends their species through oral incubation.

The pregnancy time can vary regarding different species. Their kingdom is Animalia and phylum is Chordata. Giant jawfish heads, mouths, and eyes are large in size relative to the rest of their bodies. Jawfishes possess a single, long dorsal fin with 9-12 spines and a caudal fin that can be either rounded or pointed. Jawfishes typically reside in burrows they construct in sandy substrate. They will stuff their mouths with sand and spit it out elsewhere, slowly creating a tunnel. The Yellowhead Jawfish can attain a length of 5 inches and it is a cute fish with a great personality. The Yellowhead Jawfish eats very small live foods that wander near its burrow in the wild and it can be enticed with small pieces of mussel, daphnia, brine shrimp, bloodworms, or other meaty foods.

  1. Dartfish

Dartfishes are a group of fish, formerly considered to be a subfamily, Ptereleotrinae, of goby-like fishes in the family Microdesmidae of the order Gobiiformes, Authorities now consider the species in the family Microdesmidae are within the Gobiidae, although the researchers do not define the taxonomic status of this grouping within that family. Before considering as a subfamily, they were raised to family status and now redistributed as a subfamily.

Lifespan of Dartfish is more than 5 years. They are saltwater fishes because their body parts are made from salty waters, and they can’t survive without saltwater places. The scientific name of Dartfishes is Nemateleotris magnifica. They are an animal from kingdom Animalia, and their class is Actinopterygii. They ordinarily look reddish.

7.Firefish

There is a little difference between Dartfish and Firefish. The firefish goby is a great little fish for a reef tank. LifeSpan of Firefish is 3 Years. It could be a magnificent addition to a reef tank. It doesn’t harass other fishes or corals. Firefish usually spend the whole day by flying around the tank. It can reach up to highest length 3.0’’ which makes it as one of the smallest fishes around the world. The fish possess a yellow shaded head, and its subsequent part is the reddish type look. The Firefish is one of the more popular fish in the marine hobby.

It is a magnificent fish with brilliant coloration, a unique body shape, and unparalleled personality. Also known as the Firefish Goby, Fire Goby, and Magnificent or Fire Dartfish, Nemateleotris magnifica has a yellow head, white anterior, and pinkish to orange-red posterior. The dorsal, anal, and caudal fins are highlighted in black. In addition to its striking coloration, the Firefish Goby is also heralded as a sweet-tempered fish with lots of personality. Along with algae and zooplankton growing in the aquarium, the diet of the Firefish Goby should consist of vitamin-enriched brine fish, mysis shrimp, and prepared marine foods.

  1. Ocellaris Clownfish

The ocellaris clownfish also known as the false percula clownfish or common clownfish, is a marine fish belonging to the family Pomacentridae, which includes clownfishes and damselfishes. Lifespan of Ocellaris Clownfish is nearly 3-6 years. Black Amphiprion ocellaris with white bands can be found near northern Australia, Southeast Asia, and Japan. Orange or red-brown Amphiprion ocellaris also exist with three similar white bands on the body and head. Amphiprion ocellaris can be distinguished from other Amphiprion species based on the number of pectoral rays and dorsal spines.

The life cycle of Amphiprion ocellaris varies in whether they reside at the surface or bottom of the ocean. Its body has a stocky appearance and oval shape. This species is found in the Eastern Indian Ocean and in the western Pacific Ocean. It is a marine fish and associating to the family Pomacentridae. The binomial name of Ocellaris Clownfish is ‘’Amphiprion ocellaris’’. It grows up to 11 cm which makes it another member of the smallest fish world.

9.Royal Gramma

Due to their relatively peaceful nature, diet, and small size, the royal gramma is considered an ideal inhabitant for most reef aquaria containing coral and other invertebrates. Lifespan of Royal Gramma is nearly 5 years. They are very protective of their territories and are known for chasing out other small fish. They tend to stay in one area of the tank and, when startled, will dart back into their holes. They will vigorously guard their hiding places and, when threatened, will open their mouths wide in a threatening gesture to ward off the intruders. They are, however, resistant to most diseases and make very good beginner fish. It will also accept frozen and meaty foods, such as brine shrimp and mysis shrimp in the wild. The royal gramma is very easy to feed; but rotating their foods is said to keep them from becoming picky. Captive royal gramma will also eat flake and pellet foods.

The Royal Gramma is a small fish and you should expect yours to grow to around 3 inches in size. The largest captive bred Royal Gramma was measured to be 3.1 inches. Royal Gramma is one of the smallest but one of the most beautiful, colorful, appealing fish in the world. Royal Gramma also known as ‘’fairy basslet’’. It can be found in the tropical western Atlantic Ocean. They are also very popular for aquarium cuz of their catchy looks. The Royal Gramma Basslet brings a burst of color to any saltwater aquarium. It has a bright purple to violet colored anterior contrasted by a vibrant yellow posterior. Native to the deep-water reefs of the Caribbean, this member of the Grammidae family prefers extensive rockwork caves in which to hide and somewhat subdued lighting. They are also one of the most congenial fishes around and literally does no harm to others. They are so easy to fodder and mostly eat flakes.

  1. Neon Goby

The Neon Goby is extremely hardy and a great beginner marine fish. Lifespan of Neon is nearly 12-18 months. Neon Goby, usually known as ‘’Elacatinus’’ is a class of small marine gobies. They can be found in tepid parts of West Atlantic, including the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico. The Neon Blue Goby, or Neon Goby, is known for its gorgeous electric blue stripes. The head and sleek body of the Neon Blue Goby are dark blue with a striking horizontal, light-blue stripe on each side of the body. These signature stripes begin above the eyes and run the entire length of the body. The Neon Blue Goby is a very hardy fish and because of its small size, it makes a great addition to smaller nano reef aquariums.

In the home aquarium, the Neon Blue Goby needs to be fed a variety of live and frozen brine shrimp, frozen mysis shrimp, table shrimp, and frozen food preparations for carnivores. The Neon Goby should be fed once per day. Members of the cleaner goby group, you may see them nibbling around larger fish to help keep them clean and healthy. The Neon Goby can be found throughout the Caribbean, from southern Florida and Texas all the way down to Belize. Most of these fish available to the hobby are captive bred, protecting wild populations. These tiny fish make their homes among the crevices of reef structures. They have a very similar body shape to the Yellowline Goby, and have been breed together for gobies with a yellow to blue stripe.

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