Month: November 2020

THE GREAT 10 LARGEST HINDU TEMPLES IN THE WORLD

by Sree DivyaUncategorizedLeave a Comment on THE GREAT 10 LARGEST HINDU TEMPLES IN THE WORLD

Largest 10 Hindu Temples in the World
Temple is a building devoted to the worship of a god or gods for religious practice. A Hindu temple is a symbolic house, seat and body of divinity for Hindus. It is a structure designed to bring human beings and gods together, using symbolism to express the ideas and beliefs of Hinduism. Temples of Hindu deities exist not only in India but around the world. People of the whole world are surprised by seeing the ancient Hindu temples famous for their vastness and amazing architecture. These amazing structures have been built several hundred years ago without any mechanical support. The spiritual principles symbolically represented in Hindu temples are given in the ancient Sanskrit texts of India for example, Vedas and Upanishads, while their structural rules are described in various ancient Sanskrit treatises on architecture. Here we are telling you about the 10 largest Hindu temples present in the world.

1.Angkor Wat, Angkor

man looking at an ancient temple
Photo by Tiago Cardoso on Pexels.com

Angkor Wat is a temple complex at Angkor, Cambodia. It is the largest religious monument in the world, on a site measuring 162.6 hectares (1,626,000 m2; 402 acres) which was built for king Suryavarman II in the early 12th century as his state temple and capital city. The cultures of Southeast Asia reflect long periods of both Indian and Chinese influence. The temple complex contains numerous stone bas-reliefs in a highly refined style; many depict scenes from Hindu myth and legend. As the best-preserved temple at the site, it is the only one to have remained a significant religious center since its foundation — first Hindu, dedicated to the god Shri Vishnu, then Buddhist. The most important structure in Angkor Thom is the temple known as the Bayon, whose most distinctive feature is the enormous stone faces found atop its towers, each face carefully constructed from multiple blocks of stone.

On the island of Java, the massive Buddhist monument known as Borobudur testifies both to Indian influence and the persistence of local cultures. The structure of Borobudur was created in the century by rulers of the Sailendra dynasty. A vast structure built on an actual hill, its plan forms a mandala and it features no fewer than 72 Buddha figures set into individual domes. While temples in the form of mountains or mounds are a feature of Indian Buddhism, Borobudur is nevertheless unique and scholars speculate that its form and function are best explained by ties to native traditions. The decorations on the walls of the temple have a uniquely Hindu story telling characteristics. They have fables and myths pictures that tell of the temple’s origin in Hindu religion.

2.Swami narayan Mandir, New Jersey

The BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir in Robbinsville in Central New Jersey is a Hindu place of worship built by the BAPS Swaminarayan Sanstha and consecrated by Pramukh Swami Maharaj. The BAPS Swaminarayan Sanstha, led by Mahant Swami Maharaj, is a denomination of the Swaminarayan branch of Hinduism. One of the most interesting facts about the making of the Akshardham Temple in New Jersey is that stone marble was sourced from Europe and handcrafted in Rajasthan for years. An epitome of Indian culture, spirituality, and architecture, Swaminarayan Akshardham Temple is an abode of God built in 2005. The mandir is built of hand-carved Italian Carrara marble, Turkish limestone, and Indian pink stone. Over 8000 volunteers from all around the world were involved in the construction of intricately carved marble and sandstone structure of the temple. The central shrine holds the murtis of Swaminarayan and Gunatitanand Swami, together worshipped as Akshar-Purushottam Maharaj. Similarly, different shrines hold other murtis, including Radha & Krishna, Shiva & Parvati, Sita & Ram, Hanuman, Ganapati, and the lineage of BAPS gurus who are Swaminarayan’s spiritual successors. It was quite challenging to transport tons of marble from Europe to USA in a certain time frame. The mandir was constructed according to guidelines outlined in ancient Vedas, or Hindu scriptures. According to The Times of India, 2,000 artisans in Rajasthan are hand-crafting the temples in Italian and Rajasthani marble.

The finished pieces are then assembled in New Jersey by a team of master craftsmen. The main gate of the mandap, called Mayur Dwar, is a major attraction of the temple. The Mayur Dwar is meticulously adorned with 236 sculptures including peacocks, elephants, monks and devotees carved out of marble. The ornate pillars, panels, walls and ceilings depict stories of the Ramayana, the Mahabharata and ancient scriptures. This is beautiful both outside and inside. The temple is the first and only Swaminarayan temple outside India to have the twin form of Nar Narayan as central deities. It is also one of the first in the US to have domes. The architecture and intricate marble carvings were absolutely beautiful. Visiting this temple is a truly unique experience. The temple campus sprawls over 160 acres. A total of 4.7 million man hours spent by craftsmen and volunteers of all ages went into the making of the largest Hindu temple in USA, which is apparently not visible to the naked eye. A seat of spirituality, divinity, Hinduism and humanitarianism, the temple opened its door to devotees. It is made of chiseled Italian marble, this New Jersey Indian temple is a wonder in itself.

3.Ranganathaswamy Temple, Thiruchirapalli

Srirangam temple is often listed as the largest functioning Hindu temple in the world. The temple, located in Tamil Nadu, occupies an area of 156 acres (631,000 m²) with a perimeter of 4,116m (10,710 feet) making it the largest temple in India and one of the largest religious complexes in the world. The Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple is one of the most distinguished and captivating Hindu temples in the world. This temple is considered to be the world’s largest functioning Hindu temple and the largest Temple in India. The temple houses the tallest gopuram or temple tower across South India. Located in Srirangam in Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, the magnificent Ranganathaswamy Temple is dedicated to Lord Ranganatha, a form of Lord Vishnu in a reclining pose. This temple has 108 deities displaying different forms of Vishnu.

The largest functioning Hindu temple is spread over an area of about 155 acres within a perimeter of 4 km. The temple houses the ancient inscriptions not just in Tamil, but also in other languages like, Sanskrit, Telegu, Marathi, Oriya and Kannada. The temple is enclosed by seven concentric walls with a total length of 32,592 feet or over six miles. These walls are enclosed by 21 Gopurams. The Ranganathanswamy Temple complex with 49 shrines, all dedicated to Lord Vishnu, is so huge that it is like a city within itself. However, the entire temple is not used for the religious purpose, the first three out of seven concentric walls are used by private commercial establishments such as restaurants, hotels, flower market, and residential homes. The temple was awarded with UNESCO Asia Pacific Award for Cultural Heritage Conservation Program in the year 2017 for the category ‘Award of Merit’. The annual 21 days festival attracts more than 1 million visitors every year. This is one of the must visit festivals in south India. Another interesting fact about the temple is that the walls of the temple complex are painted with exquisite paintings using herbal and vegetable dyes.

  1. Chhatarpur Temple, New Delhi

Commonly known as Chhatarpur Mandir, the Shree Adya Katyayani Shaktipeeth Mandir is nestled amidst the beautiful surroundings of the historical Mehrauli area in south Delhi, barely 4 kilometres from the Qutub Minar. this grand temple is dedicated to goddess Katyayani. It is also counted among the heritage sites of South Delhi. Spread over an area of about 70 acres, the temple features separate as well as shared areas dedicated to each deity divided into three complexes. There are captivating idols of deities like Katyayani, Laxmi-Ganesh, Shiva-Parvati, and Hanuman. It is like a marble art coming alive and is a modern mix of both northern and southern architectures. This temple was considered as the biggest temple in India and second largest in the world, before the Akshardham Temple was created in 2005 in Delhi. Thousands of devotees assemble here during festivals of Dussehra, Mahashivratri and Janmashtami, when special pujas and grand celebrations.

In the courtyard of the temple is a holy peepal tree where people tie threads for wish fulfilment. The temple was established in 1974, by Baba Sant Nagpal ji, who died in 1998. His samadhi shrine lies in the premises of the Shiv-Gauri Nageshwar Mandir within the temple complex. This temple is totally constructed from marble and on all the facets there is jaali (perforated stone or latticed screen) work. It can be classified a vesara style of architecture. Katyayani is one of the incarnations of Goddess Durga, also known as Parvati or Lalitha, the wife of Lord Shiva and has the following story as the background. There was a Rishi named Katyayan who worshipped Durga devi and asked her for a boon that she be born as his daughter. Devi got pleased and fulfilled his wish. In this Avtaar, she killed Mahishasur, the demon. The idol of Devi is depicted as golden complexioned and carrying various weapons in her hand for destruction of evil.

5.Swaminarayan Akshardham ,New Delhi

Akshardham is a Hindu temple complex in Delhi, India. Also referred to as Delhi Akshardham or Swaminarayan Akshardham, the complex displays millennia of traditional Indian and Hindu culture, spirituality, and architecture. The building was inspired and moderated by Pramukh Swami Maharaj, the spiritual head of the Bochasanwasi Shri Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha, whose 3,000 volunteers helped 7,000 artisans construct Akshardham. The temple was officially inaugurated on 6 November, 2005. The construction of Akshardham Complex was completed in just five years with the efforts of Bochasanwasi Shri Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha (BAPS) along with the help of thousands of artisans and BAPS volunteers. The temple is spread over 83,342 square feet area. It consists of 350 feet long, 315 feet wide and 141 feet high monuments, which are very attractive. The structure of the temple was designed in such a way that it can last for at least 1000 years more.

Akshardham Temple comprises 200 sculptured stone figures of India’s sages, monks, Acharyas and divine incarnations. It also consists of 234 ornately carved pillars, 9 ornate domes, Gajendra Pith and 20,000 statues of divine figures of India. Akshardham Temple is surrounded by Narayan Sarovar, which is a lake and carries water from 151 lakes in India. There are 108 faces of cows placed along the lakes which represent 108 Hindu deities. It has a 3,000-feet-long orbital path for Parikrama made up of red stones brought from Rajasthan. There is also an exquisite garden in the Akshardham temple complex in the shape of lotus and therefore is also, known as the Lotus Garden. The magnificent musical fountain show of this beautiful temple is the centre of attraction for the audience. Another interesting fact about Akshardham temple is that there are 10 gates, which represents the 10 directions according to Vedic literature. In the Akshardham temple complex, there is a Yagnapurush Kund which is the largest yagna kund in the world. In the temple premises there are green lawns which are collectively known as Garden of India or Bharat Upavan. The temple has 11 feet high beautiful statue of Lakshmi Narayan and other statues of Shiva Parvati, Radha Krishna and Sita Ram within the memorial.

6.Besakih Temple, Bali, Indonesia

Besakih Temple is a pura complex in the village of Besakih on the slopes of Mount Agung in eastern Bali, Indonesia. It is known as and accepted as Bali’s Mother Temple for more than a thousand years. It is the most important, the largest and holiest temple of Hindu religion in Bali, and one of a series of Balinese temples. Perched nearly 1000 meters up the side of Gunung Agung, it is an extensive complex of 23 separate but related temples with the largest and most important being Pura Penataran Agung. The temple is built on six levels, terraced up the slope. The entrance is marked by a candi bentar (split gateway), and beyond it the Kori Agung is the gateway to the second courtyard. At least 70 celebrations take place at Besakih every year, as each shrine has its own anniversary. Its high location offers spectacular countryside views with rice paddies, hills, mountains, and streams. visiting the temple sanctuaries of Besakih is a special pilgrimage.

Mount Agung’s position gives it an almost mystical quality. Several stairs lead up to the sacred mountainside, leading to temples that vary by type, status, and function. Pura Penataran Agung has white banners for Shiva, the destroyer; Pura Kiduling Kreteg features red banners for Brahma, the creator; and Pura Batu Madeg represents Vishnu, the preserver, with its black banners. Pura Pasimpangan lies on the downstream side (on the east of the main street), while Pura Pangubengan can be found upstream. A series of eruptions of Mount Agung in 1963, which killed approximately 1,700 people, also threatened Pura Besakih. The lava flows missed the temple complex by mere meters. This complex of Hindu temples is the largest, holiest and most important on the island and miraculously survived the catastrophic volcanic eruption. The location of Mount Agung gives the temple complex a mystical quality and for the local Balinese, visiting this temple sanctuary is a truly special pilgrimage. It serves as a popular destination for visitors to Bali and as a place of prayer for local Hindu people.

7.Belur Math, West Bengal

Mutt is the headquarters of the Ramakrishna Math and Mission, founded by Swami Vivekananda, a chief disciple of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa. It is located on the west bank of Hooghly River, Belur, West Bengal, India and is one of the significant institutions in Calcutta. This temple is the heart of the Ramakrishna Movement. The temple is notable for its architecture that fuses Hindu, Christian and Islamic motifs as a symbol of unity of all religions. Swami Shivananda said about the earlier temple echoes in our ears: ‘This is our shrine. Sit here for a while and do japa. Sri Ramakrishna is present here fully awakened; he sees and hears everything; … pray to him for bhakti, mukti, wisdom, power of discrimination, dispassion, liberation or money, power, pleasures of life or anything; you will get whatever you want.’ Even people not interested in religion come here for the peace it exudes. The serene campus of belur math on the Ganga includes temples dedicated to Sri Ramakrishna, Sri Sarada Devi and Swami Vivekananda, in which their relics are enshrined, and the main monastery of the

Ramakrishna order. The place has been sanctified by the stay of Swami Vivekananda and most of the monastic disciples of Sri Ramakrishna who spent several years here. Holy Mother Sri Sarada Devi also visited this place on several occasions. The room in which Swamiji attained Mahasamadhi has been preserved here. This place of religious importance is visited by people from all over India and abroad. The main gate of belur math leads to the Ramkrishna Sarada Mandir. belur math has also provided other things such as an art college, an industrial school and charitable dispensary. belur math is free from bigotry and sectarian rational and is modern in outlook. Belur math has an amazingly big prayer hall, where you can find the awesome statue of Ramakrishna. This international tourist attraction place is based on the principle of religious fraternity, as was advocated by Ramakrishna Paramhansa. This is also reflected in the architectural design of Math, which exhibits a blend of temple, church and mosque patterns.

  1. Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram

The architecture of the temple represents the link between arts and spirituality. Thillai Natarajah Temple, Chidambaram – Chidambaram Thillai Natarajar-Koothan Kovil or Chidambaram temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva located in the centre of the temple town of Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu in east-central South India. Chidambaram is a temple complex spread over 40 acres (160,000 m2) in the heart of the city. The Cholas considered Lord Shiva as Nataraj as their family deity. The temple has five main Halls or Sabhas namely the Kanaka Sabha, the Cit Sabha, Nritta Sabha, Deva Sabha and Raja Sabha. This temple is located at the Center Point of world ‘s Magnetic Equator. amoung the “Pancha bootha” temples, Chidambaram denotes the Skies. Kalahasthi denotes Wind. Kanchi Ekambareswar denotes land. All these 3 temples are located in a straight line at 79 degrees 41 minutes Longitude. This can be verified. An amazing fact & astronomical miracle.

It is truly a large temple which is completely used for religious purpose. Temple roof is made of 21600 gold sheets which denotes the 21600 breaths taken by a human being every day (15 x 60 x 24 = 21600). These 21600 gold sheets are fixed on the “Vimanam” (Roof) using 72000 gold nails which denote the total no. of Nadis (Nerves) in the human body. “Ponnambalam ” is placed slightly tilted towards the left. This represents our Heart. To reach this, we need to climb 5 steps called “Panchatshara padi ” “Si, Va, Ya, Na, Ma ” are the 5 Panchatshara mantras. There are 4 pillars holding the Kanagasabha representing the 4 Vedas. Kalasas on the Golden Roof represent the 9 types of Sakthi or Energies.The 6 pillars at the Artha Mantapa represent the 6 types of Sashtras. The 18 pillars in the adjacant Mantapa represents 18 Puranams. The main complex to Lord Shiva Nataraja also contains shrines to deities such as Sivakami Amman, Ganesh, Murugan and Vishnu in the form Govindaraja Perumal.

9.Prambanan, Yogyakarta

Rara Jonggrang is a 9th-century Hindu temple compound in Central Java, Indonesia, dedicated to Shiva. It also houses shrines of Vishnu, Brahma and their consorts. The temple compound is located approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) northeast of the city of Yogyakarta on the boundary between Central Java and Yogyakarta provinces. The temple compound, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the largest Hindu temple site in Indonesia, and one of the biggest in Southeast Asia. It is characterized by its tall and pointed architecture, typical of Hindu temple architecture, and by the towering 47-metre-high (154 ft) central building (Lord Shiva shrine) inside a large complex of individual temples. Prambanan attracts many visitors from across the world. The complex is laid out in the form of a mandala, and features the towering, broad spires that are typical of Hindu temple architecture, and represent Meru, the holy mountain where the gods live. Originally there were 240 temples in the complex but many of them have deteriorated or been looted leaving just scattered stones.

The three main inner shrines are dedicated to Brahma the Creator, Vishnu the Keeper and Shiva the Destroyer. The three towers cut a striking figure in any conditions, but are perhaps most breathtaking when lit up at night. The Shiva temple dedicated to Shiva the Destroyer is the tallest and largest structure in Prambanan complex, it measures 47 meters (154 feet) tall and 34 meters (111 feet) wide. The other name of this temple is the Lorojonggrang temple. Prambanan attracts many visitors from around the world. Prambanan Temple Compounds comprises of two groups of buildings which includes Loro Jonggrang, Sewu complexes, Lumbung, Bubrah and Asu (Gana). The 508 stone temples of various shapes and sizes are either in a complete and preserved condition or have been retained as ruins. This site includes all elements necessary to express its exceptional significance and is well maintained. There are no threats of development or neglect; however the area is prone to natural threats such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. This temple has been revitalized and today is widely regarded as the most beautiful and graceful Hindu temple in Indonesia.

10.Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur

The temple, which is also called as Brihadeshwara Temple and RajaRajeswara Temple Rajarajeswaram, is among the largest temples of the country. It was the Marathas who gave it the name Brihadeeshwara or the Great Ishwara.The temple has the world’s tallest vimanam (temple tower) and its Kumbam (the structure on the top) weighs approximately 80 tons. The temple is said to have a huge cap stone on top of it, The Garbhagriha where the Shiva lingam is located is said to generate large amount of electromagnetic energy. The 80 tonne stone acts a repulsive force and channels the energy to the inner areas of the temple to sustain its piousness and divinity. The positive energy radiant within in the temple structure is said to have a calming, soothing effect both mentally and physically on the devotees. The structure is a proof of wealth, artistic expertise and power of the Chola kingdom. The temple has a huge statue of Nandi (sacred bull) at the entrance. The statue is carved out of a single rock and weighs around 20 tons. The Lingam inside the temple is 3.7 meters tall. Brihadeeswarar temple is the first complete granite temple in the world. Around 60,000 tons of granite is said to be used to build the temple.

A long associated myth with this temple is that the shadow of the main structure does not fall on the ground. There is also evidence that the temple was a platform for talented dancers to showcase their talent. The inscriptions also mention the different kinds of jewels used in the period. Each of these jewels are mentioned in detail. A total of twenty three different types of pearls, eleven varieties of diamonds and rubies are mentioned in these inscriptions. We can’t even imagine how this would have made possible in those days without any special equipment. The big Tanjavur temple is said to have more than hundred underground passages that connects to various other places. Nowadays, most of the passages are sealed. In the earlier days, the passages were used by sages, Kings and Queens to roam about different temples and places, especially during auspicious festivals like Deepavali, Maha Shivarathri and Makar Sankranti.

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THE GREAT 10 FAST GROWING PLANTS ON THE PLANET

by Sree DivyaUncategorizedLeave a Comment on THE GREAT 10 FAST GROWING PLANTS ON THE PLANET

A plant having a permanently woody main stem or trunk, ordinarily growing to a considerable height, and usually developing branches at some distance from the ground. The initial stage of a grown tree is the plant, so we can say that plant may or may not grow into a tree. Plants live for shorter periods than trees. Annuals live for only one growing season, bi-annuals for two seasons and perennials anywhere from five years to 100 years, such as in the case of lilacs. Trees typically live for 100 to 150 years, with some hardwoods living up to 200 years and conifers up to 300 years or more. Trees play a significant role in reducing erosion and moderating the climate. During the process of photosynthesis, trees take in carbon dioxide and produce the oxygen. They remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store large quantities of carbon in their tissues. Some trees and plants grow really fast, and can put on substantial height within just a few short years. Trees usually reproduce using seeds. Let’s take a look at the 10 fastest growing plants on the planet.
1.Bamboo

nature dust bamboo green
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Bamboo reaches maturity after only 3 to 5 years. Bamboo releases 30% more oxygen into the atmosphere and absorbs more carbon dioxide compared to other plants. bamboo greatly decreases amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and cleans the air. Individual stems of bamboo are called culms. They arise from the underground rhizome and emerge from the ground fully developed. Bamboo is a viable replacement for wood. Bamboo grows incredibly quickly, which is one reason it is often used to make sustainable, eco-friendly products. Re-planting bamboo is fairly easy thanks to the swift growth rate of the plant. The spreading root structure allows one rootstock to produce several shoots, permitting horizontal growth. Some species can literally grow 10 centimeters per day under appropriate climate conditions. If you actually had the patience to sit there all day, you would notice the growth by the end of it. The fastest growing bamboo has been found to grow at up to 35 inches per day; That’s a world record.
It is also one of the strongest building materials with a tensile strength of 28,000 psi. To help give you an idea how much this is, mild steel measures 23,000 psi. It greatly reduces erosion with a sum of stem flow rate and canopy intercept of 25%. Bamboo is often used in Asian cuisine. Various animals on the planet used bamboo in their diet. Panda’s diet is based on bamboo exclusively, while mountain gorilla and lemurs of the Madagascar eat bamboo to enrich their regular diet. Bamboo can survive more than 120 years in the wild. The Bamboos (Bambusoidaea) consists of 1439 different species in 116 genera. Bamboo has stronger structure than steel and it is widely used in the construction industry. Other than that, bamboo is used in the manufacture of floors, furniture, house walls, skateboards, bicycle frames and helmets. Bamboo is used in folk medicine to treat infections and to accelerate healing of the wounds. It was actually the first plant to re-green after the atomic blast in Hiroshima in 1945.

  1. Hybrid poplar

This species of poplar is a popular shade tree in North America and well suited for certain conditions. The tree can be effectively used by tree farmers and large property owners. Hybrid poplar is a very fast growing tree on a variety of soil types. It only takes about five years to grow poplars to harvestable height, making them popular in industry applications. Hybrid poplars can put on ten feet a year. These are selected for their superior adaptive traits for cold and drought tolerance; disease and pest resistance; growth rate and form. Hybrid poplar reduces wind erosion and traps snow, reduces environmental stress in livestock and increases the availability of habitat and food for birds and other animals. Its rapid growth makes it an attractive wood source for bio-energy and for fibre based products.
A “hybrid” plant is produced when pollen of one species is used to fertilize flowers of another species. It is a tree resulting from the combining, either naturally or artificially, of various poplar species into a hybrid. Most hybrid poplars are a landscaping nightmare when grown in yards and parks. Hybrids grow six to ten times faster than similar species. Tree farmers can see economic returns in 10 to 12 years. These are easy to plant. Hybrid poplar can be used in the process of making oriented strand board and, possibly, structural lumber. Burning wood does not increase atmospheric carbon monoxide(CO). This species of poplar is a popular shade tree. It is not as impressive as the bamboo. This is just one of the artificially created species on our list.

  1. Algae
green grass on water
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Scientists estimate that algae produce at least half of the oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere by converting carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. Today, algae actually help maintain the carbon cycle. Algae are very fast growing eukaryotes and are found all over the world. They grow so quickly that they sometimes “bloom.” Algae blooms can be dangerous for sea life because they pull all the oxygen out of the water and some types of algae bloom such as red tide can even be toxic to human health. Algae can consist of only one or large number of cells. They can be microscopically small, or extremely large. Even though some algae look like plants, they lack leaves, roots, stomata, phloem and xylem that are typical for vascular plants. Some algae have amoeba-like body and ability to actively hunt and kill the prey. Algae can range from 100-foot-long giant kelp to several varieties of microbes called cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae.
Cyanobacteria might also be in your breakfast smoothie. The “superfood” spirulina is a nontoxic cyanobacteria popular for its nutritional profile, including proteins, vitamins, minerals and essential fatty acids. Plenty of larger algae are both nutritious and delicious. Researchers are even adding algae to dairy cow diets. Algae play important role in the aquatic ecosystems. They serve as food for many fish and provide shelter for various animals. The algae produces a chemical that inhibits gut microbes from making as much of the greenhouse gas. Sometimes, in fact, algae are a little too good at reducing greenhouse gases. You can thank algae for our seafood, too. Tiny phytoplankton, found worldwide, make up the base of aquatic food chains. Scientists figured that algae probably weren’t productive enough. The organisms might not even produce enough fuel to make up for the energy needed to grow them. Fossilized algae are used for the manufacture of dynamite.

  1. Duckweed

Duckweed is tiny oval-shaped plants on the water’s surface. These plants can cause some problems, but they also have benefits. This small, flowering plant is one which also grows very quickly. Duckweed mainly grows in warm, wet environments around the world, either in shade or direct sunlight. It floats,. forming a blanket over small bodies of slow-moving water. These bodies of water contain high levels of nutrients such as phosphorus or nitrogen. Duckweed can be used to help purify water by controlling algae growth and converting waste and sewage water into treated water and biomass. Every 30 hours, the species can undergo an entire life cycle. If a duckweed were able to reproduce continuously at maximum efficiency, it would theoretically be able to create four Earth-sized masses of duckweed inside of just four months.
Duckweed is a source of food for water fowl and even people in parts of Southeast Asia such as Thailand. Duckweed can multiply at an incredibly fast rate. It can cover the surface of a body of water, blocking sunlight and killing fish and aquatic plant life. To control the growth of duckweed, reduce the flow of nutrients into the water and use bubble aeration to inhibit the growth of duckweed. A duckweed plant produces a daughter bud about once a day. With ideal growing conditions, the original plant and its daughter buds can produce as many as 17,500 plants in two weeks. Koi, goldfish and grass carp eat duckweed, but grass carp will eat other plants first.

  1. Eastern Cottonwood

These species of tree may be the fastest growing tree in North America. Eastern cottonwood has thick bark which prevents damage of the inner, delicate wood. Eastern cottonwood can survive 70 to 100 years in the wild. but they have the potential to live 200 to 400 years if they have a good growing environment. The Eastern cottonwood is a producer, transforming the sun’s energy into food energy. Bark is smooth and yellow-green in young trees. Brown-grey, deeply furrowed, corky bark can be seen on the old trees. Eastern cottonwood has strong root system that can reach 15 feet in diameter. groves are typically indicitive that a water source is nearby as they consume large amounts of water in their growth cycle. Root absorbs up to 200 gallons of water per day.
Eastern cottonwood has triangular leaves with pointed tips and long petioles. Bright, emerald green color of the leaves changes into bright yellow during the autumn. Eastern cottonwood blooms during the March and April. North Americans used eastern cottonwood tree to build canoes. First European settlers used eastern cottonwood for the construction of houses and barns. Wood of eastern cottonwood is used for the manufacture of paper, pallets, boxes, lightweight furniture and as a firewood. Fragrant oils obtained from the eastern cottonwood are used in the cosmetic industry for the manufacture of lip balms and massage oils. Leaves, bark and buds of eastern cottonwood are used in treatment of fever, inflammation and pain. Essential oils of eastern cottonwood can be used in treatment of arthritis and sore muscles.

  1. Giant Sequoia
trees beside road
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Sequoia trees are best known for their mammoth size, but they are also very fast growing. Giant sequoia can reach 164 to 279 feet in height and 20 to 26 feet in diameter. THEY HAVE THE THICKEST BARK ON EARTH. One famous tree, the “General Sherman Tree,” was measured by researchers, who calculated that it had added three inches to its girth in 40 years. Their bark also doesn’t contain any flammable pitch or resin. The blaze eats up any brush or deadwood that’s accumulated on the ground while leaving behind nutrient-rich ash in which the saplings can flourish. Giant sequoias are popular tourist attraction. Giant sequoia can survive more than 3500 years in the wild. High concentration of tannin, an insoluble chemical compound found in many coniferous trees, the trees are immune to most diseases. Not only does the astringent substance protect the sequoia from fungus, it also safeguards it from insect attacks.
THEY PRODUCED THE LARGEST LIVING ORGANISM ON EARTH. onsider the height of a giant sequoia tree multiplied by that girth increase. That’s a lot of wood, and reminds us that trees grow outward and not just upward. The bark of a giant sequoia may be the thickest of any tree we know—on some specimens the outer layer of bark measures over two feet thick at the base. Animals like squirrels, chickarees, and beetles are instrumental in cracking open sequoia cones and dispersing the contents. But for a seed to germinate it needs to make direct contact with bare, mineral soil. Each cone produces around 230 seeds. They are miniature, flat and brown in color. Giant sequoia releases 300.000 to 400.000 seeds annually. They can be used only for the production of fence posts and toothpicks.

  1. Acacia

Acacia is a type of shrub or deciduous tree that belongs to the pea family. Acacia can be an impressively fast growing tree. There are over 800 species of acacia that can be found in Australia, and in the tropical and subtropical areas of America, Asia, Africa and Europe. Acacia grows on well-drained soil, in dry and sunny habitats. This allows them to experience a perpetual growing season. Most species of acacia have green, pinnate leaves. Leaves of acacia are important source of food for camels, goats, giraffes and cattle. Leaves They are also used as preservatives and have application in the pharmaceutical industry. Acacia has short lifespan. Most species live between 15 to 30 years. Gum Arabic, isolated from African species of acacia, has application in the food industry. It is used as a thickening agent in the manufacture of soft drinks, frozen desserts and confectionery.
It is also used as adhesive and cure. They are densely arranged on the branches and create impression of a giant fern. Acacia usually grows to the height of 40 feet. Some types of acacia can reach 70 feet in height and 3 feet in diameter. Swollen-thorn acacia (African species) lives in symbiosis with stinging ants. Acacia provides shelter and food. In return, ants protect plant from the herbivores. Strong and durable wood of acacia was popular and widely used for the manufacture of ships in the past. Today, acacia is mostly used for the production of floorings, furniture, toys, jewellery and tools. Acacia develops pea-shaped flowers that consist of 5 petals. Flowers of acacia are used in the industry of perfumes and cosmetics. They are yellow or white, rarely purple or red colored. Fruit of acacia is dry pod. It is elongated and filled with 5 to 6 brown or black seed.

  1. Wisconsin Fast Plants

Wisconsin Fast Plants are a rapid cycling variety of Brassica rapa that was initially developed as a research tool to improve the disease resistance of economically-valuable cruciferous crops (a large group of plants that includes mustard, radish, cabbage, broccoli, kohlrabi, and more). In order to speed up the genetic research in the crucifers, breeding has taken Brassica rapa and six related species from the family Cruciferae for shorter life cycles. The end result: petite, quick-growing plants known as Fast Plants. This trademarked strain of field mustard grows so quickly it has actually been marketed as “fast plants.” Every five weeks, it can produce a brand new generation. Small plant size and ability to grow at high plant density. These plants have high reproductive capacity. It has ability to grow under continuous fluorescent lighting in a standard potting mix.
The shortened life cycle has proven effective in reducing the time required for traditional breeding programs, which has led to advances in cellular and molecular plant research. Over 150 genetic traits have been described that are useful in research. Breeding process has decreased from six-month growth cycle to only five weeks. Professor Williams managed to establish uniform size, flowering time and growing conditions. To ensure optimal germination rates, plant seeds the same year you receive them. Germination rates decrease over time. Seeds are living and need to be kept cool and dry before planting. Plants play an integral part in the world by taking in carbon dioxide and producing oxygen.

  1. Kudzu

Kudzu, also known as Japanese arrowroot, is vine that belongs to the pea family. This is an incredibly fast-growing plant which can add a whole foot a day, and under prime conditions, may add a whole 60 feet in a single growing season. Kudzu is also known as “foot a night vine”, “mile a minute vine” and “vine that ate the south” because of it’s quick growth. This is considered quite a pest. Kudzu produces purple flowers arranged in terminal clusters that can reach 12 inches in length. Flowers emit sweet, pleasant fragrance which attracts bees. Fruit of kudzu is pod filled with seed. Fruit ripens in autumn. Kudzu grows in the mountains, fields and near the roads. It prefers shade. Kudzu has compound leaves that consist of three oval or heart-shaped leaflets. Leaves are dark green, hairy and alternately arranged on the stem. It climbs over everything and is very hard to kill. Along its way, it tends to kill other plants. It is considered extremely aggressive and invasive, and while it is native to Japan, it has spread to other locations throughout the world, including the US.
Kudzu (root) is used in traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of headache, migraine, thirst, allergies, diarrhea, hypertension, cardiovascular disorders and hypercholesterolemia. Root is also used to reduce craving for alcohol, and flowers to alleviate symptoms of hangover and facilitate detoxification of liver. Root, flowers and leaves of kudzu can be used in human diet. Starch extracted from root can be used instead of cornstarch. Flowers are used for the preparation of jelly. Kudzu has very long root that can prevent erosion and improve qualities of soil. Bacteria in the root of kudzu absorb atmospheric nitrogen and convert it into nitrate, plants-friendly type of nitrogen. It’s lifespan is more than 2 years Fibers extracted from the stem, known as ko-hemp, are used for the manufacture of paper and cloth. Kudzu is important source of food for goats and llamas in the southern parts of the USA. Kudzu can be used for the manufacture of cellulosic ethanol, type of biofuel which does not pollute atmosphere as much as conventional types of fuel.

  1. Transgenic Eucalyptus

Eucalyptus is the second most widely planted multipurpose woody tree species in the world. It is a commercially important hardwood tree for paper and wood industries. Eucalyptus are important hard wood trees, originated in Australia and belongs to the family Myrtaceae. The estimated plantation area covered by eucalyptus is 20 million hectares worldwide. The genus Eucalyptus comprises of more than 700 species and hybrids, some of which bear their economic importance as a source of paper pulp, wood, timber and essential oils. The ever increasing demand for wood, timber and shelter poses a great threat to the natural forest resources. Eucalyptus being a hardwood tree produces shorter fibers than softwoods like pines. Short fibers of this genus make it more reliable for use in paper and furniture industries. Fast growing and high yielding eucalyptus plantations with their short rotation period along with adaptation to a wide range of environments offer enormous scope as an alternative to meet the growing wood demands of the world as well as to save the natural forests from deforestation. It is the versatility and fast-growing characteristics of this genus that has aroused and still is stimulating increasing interest worldwide, particularly as the demand for pulp, fuel, and construction wood increases.
Over 8 million ha of Eucalyptus plantations have been established in Angola, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Chile, China, Congo, India, Iran, Madagascar, Morocco, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Thailand, Pakistan, the USA, and Uruguay. More than 90% of these forests have been planted since 1955, and about 50% in the past decade. Another artificially developed plant on our list is transgenic eucalyptus, developed by splicing brassica genes with eucalyptus genes. These trees grow 30% faster than other types of natural eucalyptus, and can add 16 feet a year. Within just five years, some plants may manage to top 100 feet. Trees like the transgenic eucalyptus are praised by some, while others warn that species like this could easily overtake the planet much like the naturally invasive kudzu. The long term ecological ramifications of manufactured fast-growing plants like the eucalyptus are impossible to imagine or predict at this point of time. Leaves of eucalyptus are rich in oil that is used to alleviate symptoms of bronchitis, sore throat, nasal congestion. All parts of eucalyptus tree are used in the manufacture of dyes. Eucalyptus oil is also used as insecticide. Eucalyptus is also known as “gum tree” because of the sticky rubbery substance that flows from the injured bark. Lifespan of eucalyptus depends on the species. Most eucalyptus trees can survive more than 250 years in the wild.

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THE GREAT 10 LARGEST FLOWERS IN THE WORLD

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Nature often surprises us with true wonders. There are the flowers that can leave anybody speechless. The seed-bearing part of a plant, consisting of reproductive organs that are typically surrounded by a brightly coloured corolla (petals) and a green calyx (sepals) is called flower. There are many fragrant and beautiful flowers on earth, but many of them are similar in size about 1inch to 5 inches in diameter. Rose is one of the most popular and loved of the beautiful flowers. Flowers are part of the most important occasions of life and have a language of their own. Flowers’ meanings and symbolization were a key element many years ago. Plants succeeded in using their flower’s deceptive development–using color and smell to attract insects and animals for pollination.

1.Rafflesia arnoldii

Rafflesia arnoldii is one of the world’s most endangered plant species. It has a diameter of over three feet. It is also known as Rafflesia tuanmudae or Stinking corpse lily or corpse flower and is one of the largest living organisms. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classifies certain Rafflesian species, such as Rafflesia Magnifica, as “critically endangered.” This process happens once a year, when Rafflesia grows to its maximum diameter with five leathery, red spotted petals around a bowl-like center that swallows flies and insects for further sustenance. This parasitic plant is steady, not visible until it is about to bloom, with no roots, stems, twigs, or leaves. Buds arise over months to the size of the cabbage without a sign of the contaminated host plant. Corpse flower’s bloom too has a rotten corpse smell. The rafflesia feeds on a host plant to live, drinking its water and nutrients. The rafflesia’s life is tragically short. Its mouth remains open for just one week before it rots and dies. so the largest flower on Earth is on borrowed time. While the flies gain nothing from the flowers, the pollen sticks to its back as they rest on the bloom,attracted by its rotten meat scent.
When these flies pass into a female flora, the pollen is released in the flowers so they can fertilize it. Its produced fruit has thousands of seeds and is fleshy and small. Such fruits are consumed by tree shrews, which then continue to disperse the plant’s seeds. Rafflesia arnoldii is one of the three national flowers in Indonesia, the other two being the white jasmine and moon orchid. It was officially recognized as a national “rare flower”. Scientists just found one of the world’s largest flowers blooming in an Indonesian jungle. It was named Rafflesia after British colonialist Sir Stamford Raffles who spotted one in Indonesia in the early 19th Century. Rafflesia is a genus of flower with 28 known species, the second largest of which is Rafflesia kerrii, with blooms measuring 70 to 110 cm across, or over three feet. Only Rafflesia arnoldii of Sumatra exceeds its dimensions slightly, becoming the largest single flower on Earth. Rafflesia is endemic in Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and the Philippines.

  1. Titan arum

Titans normally open in the evening and the intense odor only lasts for 12 hours. The bloom will stay open (with a much lighter odor) for only 1-2 days. The plant must reach 10-15 years of age before it blooms for the first time and then blooms every 3-5 years thereafter. Titan arum also known as Amorphophallus titanum or death flower, is the flowering plant with the largest unbranched inflorescence in the world, that bloom rarely for a short period. This bud started growing in April, and we believe that it will bloom in early June. It is not among best-smelling flowers as this flower releases while it is in bloom a smell, like a rotten corpse. Fluorescence of the titan arum is not as large as the talipot palm but rather branches off, unlike talipot, which makes it a bigger flower. The plant itself reaches approximately 10 to 15 feet in height, and the leaves can be as large as 13 feet(4 m). The tallest recorded bloom of corpse flower, according to Guinness Book of World Records, was 10 feet 2.225 inches tall that also makes titan arum as the tallest flower in the world.
In the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the corpse flower is classified as “vulnerable” in the Red List of Threatened Plants. But, if the conditions that affect its life and reproduction do not change, the plant may become endangered. Habitat loss and devastation are the primary threats. Titan Arums are only found in the jungles of Sumatra and produce the world’s largest floral structures. Greenhouse Manager Tammy Blume and volunteer and titan enthusiast Mariah Huffman attempted pollination by hand with pollen that was collected three weeks earlier from Rotney. This pollination was successful, and Odie produced beautiful orange and red berries, which you can see below. These seeds were collected and some were used to start new plants for our collection, while others were shared with other institutions all over the country.

  1. Talipot palm

Talipot palm is one of the world’s largest palms, having origins from South India. It has a height of up to 25 m and a diameter of stems of up to 1.3 m. It is a palm fan with a diameter of up to 5 m, a petiole up to 4 m, and around 130 leaflets. The Talipot Palm has one or more million small flowers, the largest inflorescence in any plant, 6-8 m long, on a branched trunk stitched on top of a trunk. The Talipot palms are monocarpic, which means their flowers only once at the age of 30 to 80. The plant dies after fruiting. A single tree yields more than250 kg of seeds. Talipot Palm has many uses it is as useful as coconut in its native region, and Talipot fruits, which are surprisingly tasty, are known as ice apple. Their leaves are also used extensively for wall protection, for plaiting the mats and as umbrellas during rainy season. Like other palms, the central part of the stem of Corypha umbraculifera, is a rich source of starch. Palms are felled to extract this central ‘pith’ which is dried, powdered, stored and used for preparation of bread. It is a species of palm native to eastern and southern India and Sri Lanka. It is also grown in Cambodia, Myanmar, China, Thailand and the Andaman Islands. Kerala coast and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are also home to this species. Once the seeds fall, the tree also dies.

  1. Neptune grass (Posidonia oceanica)

The Posidonia Oceanica, which is also named “Neptune grass,” has been sequenced by a group of scientists to be around 200,000 old seaweed covering ocean floors from Spain to Cyprus. The plant has roots, twigs, leaves, flowers, and it creates fruits known as sea olives. It forms large underwater meadows that are an important part of the ecosystem. It should not be confused with algae. It flowers in the autumn. The leaves are tape-shaped, measuring between 1 cm in width and between 30 and 120 cm in length. This aquatic plant lives in the Mediterranean Sea and in certain areas south of Australia, with similar characteristics to dry land. Among the many strengths of Neptune Grass is that it oxidizes the oceans and is also a food source formany animal species.Its appearance also shows that the water is of good quality and is well stored. Biologists often term Posidonia Oceanica as “Mediterranean’s Lungs.” Balls of fibrous material from its foliage, known as egagropili, wash up to nearby shorelines. This species is found only in the Mediterranean Sea where it is in decline, occupying an area of about 3% of the basin.
Seagrasses are a paraphyletic group of angiosperm plants, which are exclusively found in estuarine and marine environments. They belong to four families, Posidoniaceae, Zosteraceae, Cymodoceaceae, and Hydrocharitaceae. Among these, the endemic species Posidonia oceanica is predominant in the Mediterranean Sea. Posidonia meadows provide breeding and nursery grounds for various fish and other marine organisms. They influence commercial fishing and shape the coastal structure by accumulating nutrients. The meadows of the seagrass posidonia oceanica are essential for the protection of the marine environment on the Spanish Mediterranean coasts. Posidonia oceanica is a Mediterranean endemic phanerogam or flowering plant which has special characteristics which must be known at the outset in order to prevent serious environmental damage through the construction of harbour works. These characteristics include a millenary life span, a need for light and clear water, very slow growth and reproduction rate, a need for sandy beds, a shedding of leaves in Autumn and the fact that they form meadows over a very long period which stabilise the shoreline by preventing the impact of the sea.

  1. Puya raimondii

Puya raimondii is the largest bromeliad species, with a height up to 15 m and is also known as the queen of the Andes. We can find this type of plant species in Bolivian and Peruvian forests from the high Andes. The flower can reach a height of up to 30 feet (9.14 m), which contains 8-12 million seeds per plant. The Queen of the Andes in the wild have only three populations. There are thousands of species comprising the bromeliad group, but Puya raimondii has less geneticdiversity. Puya raimondii is currently on a verge of extinction because of the inability to adapt to climate changeand deforestation. The species name of raimondii commemorates the 19th-century Italian scientist Antonio Raimondi, who immigrated to Peru and made extensive botanical expeditions there. The whole plant may reach as much as 15 m (50 ft) tall.
This plant can produce between 8,000 and 20,000 flowers in a 3-month period. Its reproductive cycle lasts approximately 80 years. of the Andes (Puya raimondii) is a terrestrial bromeliad. Many bromeliads are epiphytes, growing on the surface of other plants and getting their food from the air and accumulated plant matter trapped in branch crevices. Terrestrial bromeliads have their roots in soil. There are only three populations of Queen of the Andes in the wild. Most of them have many thousands of plants, but their genetic diversity is very low. They may be unable to adapt to changes in climate. Human impacts to the populations include repeated fires to generate or maintain pasture for livestock forage.

  1. Common Sunflower
yellow sunflower macro photographyt
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Sunflowers are extremely well-known worldwide. Sunflowers are mainly from North and South America, and some species are cultivated in farms for the spectacular sizes of their blossom and for their edible seeds. nowadays you can find them in numerous countries around the world. Sunflowers Their bright yellow color is their defining characteristic and makes them very striking. Sunflower seeds are used to make sunflower oil or can directly be eaten roasted. At least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day is needed for the sunflowers, the better if you try to maximize their potential for size. The excessive blooming of gigantic sunflowers is difficult to top. On towering stems, the Russian variety opens flowers up to 14 inches in diameter, 9 to 12 feet high. The disk flowers are brown, yellow, or purple, while the petallike ray flowers are yellow. The fruit is a single-seeded achene.
Oilseed varieties typically have small black achenes, while those grown for direct seed consumption, known as confection varieties, have larger black-and-white achenes that readily separate from the seed within. Farmers generally sow seeds in spring while they harvest the crop at the end of summer. If considered usability, Sunflower is the biggest flower in the world. The leaves are used as fodder, the flowers yield a yellow dye, and the seeds contain oil and are used for food. The oil is also used in soap and paints and as a lubricant. The sweet yellow oil obtained by compression of the seeds is considered equal to olive or almond oil for table use. These flowers with their gorgeous big and bright blooms have a unique and winning combination of offering some rather amazing benefits to us as well as being pretty to look at. It is a useful alternative and replacement for unhealthy margarine spreads and high fat butter for cakes and home bakes.

  1. Tree peony

Common peony is an exquisite flower but, its bigger counterpart, the tree peony, is a very different plant. Tree peonies are woody shrubs, with no support, as some grow at 10 feet high. They have many forms, colors, and fragrances, and their flowers are much bigger and typically bloom about two weeks earlier than herby peonies. During their bloom season, which lasts for about two weeks in April and May, plants can have more than 50 blooms at one time. For gardeners we must embrace China for they provided many of our most cherished garden flowers, including the stunningly beautiful tree peony. Chinese use them as decorative ornaments and for medicinal purposes. As the season advances, the flower buds begin to swell, reaching the size of a small apple before issuing forth in late April with a flower the size of a salad plate.
Double forms are most common with the blossoms in delicate pastel shades of red, pink, white and yellow. Tree peonies can be grown in all parts of Arkansas but are less common in gardens than their herbaceous cousins. Their rarity in cultivation is because they’re difficult to propagate. Tree peonies do best in a fertile, well drained garden soil. They will grow in full sun or light shade and are easy to grow if well sited. With so many varieties of peonies available these days, selecting the right peony for your garden can be confusing. Add terms like tree peony, itoh peony and herbaceous peony, and it can seem overwhelming. The mid to late spring blossoms of tree peonies are unrivaled in size, color and fragrance.

  1. Hibiscus
red blue and green bird on tree branch
Photo by Jean van der Meulen on Pexels.com

Hibiscus or Hibiscus sabdariffa is one of the world’s largest flower. The name ‘Hibiscus’ comes from hibiskos, the old Greek name for the common marsh mallow. Hibiscus develops large, trumpet-shaped flower without scent. Flower consists of five or more petals. There are over 200 species of hibiscus that can be found in the warm and tropical regions all over the world. These beautiful bright flowers surely beautify a home or garden but are also used as medicine. We can find these plants in various colors like white, yellow, orange, purple, pink, red or blue. Size wise, Hibiscus can be as wide as 8 inches in diameter. The hibiscus family is a mix of diverse plants–from annuals to perennials and shrubs–famed for their large, audacious bloom, often as big as a plate. It contains both male (stamen) and female (pistil) reproductive organs. Bees, butterflies and hummingbirds are main pollinators of hibiscus flowers.
Brightly colored flowers of hibiscus are rich source of natural dyes that are used in the food industry. Dried hibiscus is edible, and it is often a delicacy in Mexico. It can also be candied and used as a garnish, usually for desserts. Women in use dyes extracted from hibiscus flowers to dye their eyebrows and hair. The most popular beverage made of hibiscus is tea (made of dry flowers). Besides pleasant taste, tea made of hibiscus represents rich source of vitamin C. According to some medical studies, tea made of hibiscus lowers blood pressure and decreases cholesterol level. Hibiscus cannabinus is a species of hibiscus that is used in the paper industry. China and Thailand are the greatest producers of hibiscus in the world. Hibiscus is known as “shoe flower” in China because people use hibiscus to polish their shoes. The hibiscus is used as an offering to goddess Kali and Lord Ganesha in Hindu worship. Hibiscus is considered a very feminine flower.

9.Magnolia

The first flowering plant on Earth is believed by researchers to be magnolias. One of the world’s biggest flowering plants, as believed by many researchers. There are around 210 species of magnolia that differ in size, shape, color of the flower and type of habitat. Magnolia trees originate from Southeast Asia and North America, but they have been naturalized to almost all continents in the world because of their beauty. Fossils prove that they have been on Earth for around 100 million years, according to scientific research. Because magnolia is so old, the flowers have no real petals and sepals; they have petal-like tepals instead. Magnolia flowers come according to variety in various shapes, sizes, and colors. The magnolia family comprises high and fluffy trees with pink, white, red, purple, yellow blossoms. Magnolia blooms from April to June. First flowers develop seven years after planting.
Most magnolia varieties have wide bulbs measuring 6 to 8 inches in diameter.
The magnolia is eye-catching due to its soft colors and its large, lovely petals. It’s one of the most famous flowers in the world due to its beauty. It’s commonly used in decoration, bouquets, gifts, etc. Size of magnolia tree depends on the species. Smaller species are only 15 feet tall. Larger species can grow 80 feet in height. Magnolia produces cone-like brownish fruit that can reach 2 to 10 inches in length. Kidney-shaped seed can be red, orange or pink in color. Seed of magnolia is favorite food of many birds. Bark and flowers of magnolia are used in traditional Asian medicine. Leaves of magnolia are used for wrapping of food in Asia. Magnolia is resistant to most pests and diseases. Some species are prone to fungal infections. Larvae of certain insects eat different parts of magnolia tree. Wood of magnolia is used for the production of pallets and furniture. Flower contains both male and female reproductive organs. Flowers release sugary scent which attracts pollinators.

10.Lotus

aquatic aquatic plant beautiful bloom
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The lotus flower is also known as the “Nile flower. The Nelumbo family’s white lotus flowers and pink lotus are seen as sacredness. The lotus flower is one of the world’s most recognizable and sacred flowers. The stunning flower is a universal symbol of some of history’s most influential cultures and is the national flower of India. Lotus’s color influences its important significance. The most interesting detail about this lovely flower is the lifespan of its seeds, which can sprout after many centuries. Lotus flowers can conclude a spiritual meaning of ascent, enlightenment, or renaissance in more bright colors red, purple, and blue, white. It mostly grows in murky and shallow waters and need warm sunlight to grow, but are cold climate intolerant. This flower would not flourish in winter, consequently, as it is aquatic. With its roots in the deeper sludge, this flower only thrives in under muddy still water.
Its bloom, which is above the water surface, commonly has a diameter up to 20 centimeters when fully matured. It’s an extraordinary flower that is famous worldwide, mainly because it’s an aquatic flower. It’s India’s national flower and is symbolic in Buddhism and Hinduism for wealth, prosperity, purity and fertility. The flower species is native to Asia, and most predominantly in India and China. Flower opens in the morning and closes at night. Lotus was a symbol of sun, rebirth and creation in the ancient Egypt. Dried stamens of the lotus are used for the preparation of aromatic tea. Flower, young leaves, seeds and root are edible and often used in Asian cuisine. Older and bigger leaves are used for wrapping of food. Lotus is rich in fibers and vitamins of the B group. It is also rich source of iron and other important minerals. Lotus uses rhizomes to attach itself to the ground. This flower is known by its beautiful odor.

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THE GREAT 10 BIGGEST BANKS IN THE WORLD ACCORDING TO THE BANKS’ TOTAL ASSETS

by Sree DivyaUncategorizedLeave a Comment on THE GREAT 10 BIGGEST BANKS IN THE WORLD ACCORDING TO THE BANKS’ TOTAL ASSETS

A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates a demand deposit while simultaneously making loans. Lending activities can be performed either directly or indirectly through capital markets. A bank is the extension of credit, and for facilitating the transmission of funds. Due to the importance of banks in the financial stability of a country, most jurisdictions exercise a high degree of regulation over banks. Here are The ranking of the 10 biggest banks are built according to banks’ total assets.

1.Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC)

The largest and richest bank in the world is the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC). ICBC’s headquarters are located in Beijing. By the total number of assets, customers, employees, loans and deposits; ICBC, as it’s often referred to, completely dominates the rest of the biggest banks in the world. ICBC has $4,322 billion total assets according to the latest data, and its market capitalization totals $424 billion. It has more than 4,60,000 employees. 70% of government-owned company ranked number one all over the 1000 Banks. ICBC’s total assets are thought to be in the region of $4.2 trillion dollars according to the latest data. Almost 1/5 of all bankings are in China only.

  1. China Construction Bank Corporation

According to the latest data, it has $3,822 billion in assets, and its market capitalization totals more than $204 billion. Originally, CCB was created for government exchanges, and only later, it was redeveloped into the commercial bank. The company operates more than 14,000 branches all around the globe, with about 372,000 employees. China Construction Bank Corp. engages in the provision of a wide range of financial services to corporate and personal customers. It operates through the following business segments: Corporate Banking, Personal Banking, Treasury, and Others. The Corporate Banking segment provides a range of financial products and services to corporations, government agencies and financial institutions, which comprises of corporate loans, trade financing, deposit taking and wealth management services, agency services, financial consulting and advisory services, cash management services, remittance and settlement services, custody services, and guarantee services.
The Personal Banking segment provides personal loans, deposit taking and wealth management services, card business, remittance services, and agency services to individual customers. The Treasury segment represents inter-bank money market transactions, repurchase and resale transactions, investments in debt securities, and trade of derivatives and foreign currency. The Others segment refers to equity investments and revenues, results, assets and liabilities of overseas branches and subsidiaries. The company was founded in October 1954 and is headquartered in Beijing, China. The company was founded in 13,629 domestic branches.

  1. Agricultural Bank of China

Agricultural Bank of China (ABC), also known as AgBank. It was founded in 1951, and has its headquarters in Dongcheng District, Beijing and ABC has nearly 24,000 representatives in the country and abroad. Total assets of the Agricultural Bank of China comprise more than $3,698 billion, and according to the latest data, its market capitalization is $147 bln. This bank was established to support agriculture. This bank today also handles loans to nonagricultural businesses and individuals. It is one of the four major state-controlled banks. Agricultural Bank of China engages in the provision of international commercial banking and financial services. This is driven by bank’s long history of receiving state support. ABC was designated as a global systematic important bank. ABC is China’s third-largest commercial bank by total assets.
The bank has one of the largest domestic networks, which extends deeply into China’s county areas. This helps the bank build a commanding franchise in rural markets and provides it with a low-cost and stable deposit base. The central government is ultimately the largest shareholder of all five state banks and has a record of providing solvency and asset-quality support. Since the late 1970s, the Bank has evolved from a state-owned specialized bank to a wholly state-owned commercial bank and subsequently a state-controlled commercial bank. The Bank was restructured into a joint stock limited liability company in January 2009. In July 2010, the Bank was listed on both the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, which marked the completion of our transformation into a public shareholding commercial bank.

  1. Bank of China ltd

The Bank of China is one of the oldest and most reliable banks in China. It is one of the four biggest state-owned commercial banks in China. It was created in 1912 and still leads in the national banking sector. Over 70% of the company belongs to the Chinese government, and it has offices in over 20 countries. According to the data, its assets are near $3,387 billion, and its market capitalization is about $113 bln. Bank of China is legally separate from its subsidiary Bank of China , although they maintain close relations in management and administration and co-operate in several areas including reselling BOC’s insurance and securities services. Its headquarters are in Xicheng District, Beijing. In Hong Kong, Frankfurt and other financial centers across the globe, the bank functions as clearing house of the currency. The bank is also the issuer of overseas yuan-denominated bonds.

Mumbai holds the pride of being the wealthiest city in India, with the highest GDP of all the cities in South, West and the Central Asia. The city houses important financial institutions such as the Reserve Bank of India, the Bombay Stock Exchange, the National Stock Exchange of India, the SEBI and the corporate headquarters of numerous Indian companies and multinational corporations. Bank of China has commenced its business in India by launching the first branch in Mumbai in June 2019. The India branch works on the international network of Bank of China across the globe, with a world class banking, professional strengths and a diversified platform of the Bank across various sectors. Operating strictly in compliance with local laws and regulations, Bank of China India Branch provides comprehensive business services in Corporate Banking, Treasury and Branch Banking.

  1. JPMorgan Chase

JPMorgan Chase is one of the most eminent and popular US banks. This company was created in 2000 as a result of merging several huge banks. JPMorgan Chase HQ is located in Manhattan, New York City. It is one of the largest investment companies in the world. Now its assets total $3,139 bln, and its market capitalization is over $292 bln, which also makes it one of the most expensive companies in the world. JPMorgan Chase & Co. provides global financial services and retail banking. The Company provides services such as investment banking, treasury and securities services, asset management, private banking, card member services, commercial banking, and home finance.
JP Morgan Chase serves business enterprises, institutions, and individuals. JPMorgan Chase & Co. is an American multinational investment bank and financial services holding company. It is also the world’s most valuable bank by market capitalization. The Chase brand is used for credit card services in the United States and Canada, the bank’s retail banking activities in the United States, and commercial banking. Both the retail and commercial bank and the bank’s corporate headquarters are currently located at 383 Madison Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, while the prior headquarters building directly across the street, 270 Park Avenue, is demolished and replaced with a new building.

  1. HSBC Holdings plc

London’s HSBC is one of the biggest banks in Europe, totaling $2.92 tln. in assets. Originally, the purpose of its creation was to perform exchanges between Europe and China, and it still stays crucial in such actions. It also has more than 10 subsidiaries, which perform all possible operations inside this sector.
HSBC Holdings plc is a multinational investment bank and financial services holding company. HSBC traces its origin to a hong in British Hong Kong and its present form was established in London by the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation to act as a new group holding company in 1991. The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation opened branches in Shanghai in 1865 and was first formally incorporated in 1866.
HSBC has around 3,900 offices in 65 countries and territories across Africa, Asia, Oceania, Europe, North America, and South America, and around 38 million customers. HSBC is organised within four business groups: Commercial Banking, Global Banking and Markets, Retail Banking and Wealth Management, and Global Private Banking. In 2020, the bank announced that it would consolidate its Retail Banking & Wealth Management arm with Global Private Banking, to form Wealth & Personal Banking. HSBC has a dual primary listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Hang Seng Index and the FTSE 100 Index. Key Role as European Hub: HSBC Bank plc’s Issuer Default Ratings (IDRs) are driven by support from its ultimate parent, HSBC Holdings plc.

  1. Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group

This Japanese holding company has $2.89 tln. in assets, which makes it one of the “best” banks in Japan. MUFG’s department network spread all around the world allows MUFG to perform in 40 different countries. The company was created in 2005 by the merger of the two largest banks of Japan, and its headquarter is located in Osaka City. MUFG has the target of 550.0 billion yen of profits attributable to owners of parent for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2021. MUFG is engaged in financial service businesses such as banking business, trust banking business, securities business and credit card/loan businesses. Because there are various uncertainties caused by economic situation, market environments and other factors in these businesses, MUFG discloses a target of its profits attributable to owners of parent instead of a forecast of its performance.
The forward-looking statements are made based upon, among other things, the company’s current estimations, perceptions and evaluations. In addition, in order for the company to adopt such estimations, forecasts, targets and plans regarding future events, certain assumptions have been made. Accordingly, due to various risks and uncertainties, the statements and assumptions are inherently not guarantees of future performance, may be considered differently from alternative perspectives and may result in material differences from the actual result. The financial information included in this financial summary report is prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in Japan. Differences exist between Japanese GAAP and the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States in certain material respects. Such differences have resulted in the past, and are expected to continue to result for this period and future periods, in amounts for certain financial statement line items under U.S. GAAP to differ significantly from the amounts under Japanese GAAP. For example, differences in consolidation basis or accounting for business combinations, including but not limited to amortization and impairment of goodwill, could result in significant differences in our reported financial results between Japanese GAAP and U.S. GAAP.

  1. Bank of America (BoA)

The BoA is the second largest bank in the USA. It has an extensive range of financial services in the whole country and abroad. The headquarters are located in Charlotte City, North Carolina. According to the BoA balance sheet has $2,620 bln. assets and its market capitalization is about $209 bln. Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc. operates as a holding company, which provides financial services through its subsidiaries. It operates through the following segments: Integrated Retail Banking Business Group, Integrated Corporate Banking Business Group, Integrated Trust Assets Business Group, Integrated Global Business Group, Global Markets and Others. The Integrated Retail Banking Business Group segment manages domestic business that provides retail banking services, which includes commercial and trust banking; securities trading; and retail product development, promotions, and marketing.
The Integrated Corporate Banking Business Group segment covers all domestic corporate businesses, including commercial banking, investment banking, trust banking, and securities businesses. The Integrated Trust Assets Business Group segment provides asset management and administration services for pension and security trusts, in addition to consultation services for pension management schemes and payouts. The Integrated Global Business Group segment covers businesses outside of Japan. The Global Markets segment offers assets and liability management, strategic investment, foreign exchange operations and financial products. The Others segment operates corporate centers of related companies. The company was founded on April 2, 2001 and is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.

  1. BNP Paribas

BNP Paribas was created in 1999, and now it tops the financial, banking, and insurance rankings. Currently, the company has representatives all around the globe, and its headquarters are located in Geneva, Paris, and London. BNP Paribas has been named “World’s Best Bank for Corporates” and “World’s Best Bank for Financial Inclusion” 2020 by Euromoney, a publication specializing in international finance. As a European leader and a leading international banking player, BNP Paribas is recognized for the expertise of its teams and its transversal approach to its business lines, which are grouped into Corporate and Institutional Banking, Domestic Markets and International Financial Services, in order to offer the best possible service to our clients. For example, in the EMEA region, BNP Paribas’ banking teams coordinated more than €46 billion of DCM (Debt Capital Market) transactions over the past year. In addition, the Group continued to intensify its efforts in several areas to integrate sustainable development into its products and operating processes, introduce significant measures and help its clients to accelerate this transition.
BNP Paribas has thus introduced proactive sector policies, taken financial steps to promote sustainable financing, and supported its clients in integrating sustainable development into their activities through innovative financing solutions. Its assets compound to $2,336 bln and the bank has $39 bln of market capitalization. We have also invested in the products and people to provide simple and effective solutions in the world’s fastest growing markets. We are experts in capital markets, advisory and financing businesses. Our client-centric model aims to anchor its leadership position in Europe and leverage the rapid growth in Asia. BNP Paribas was one of the first banks to start a dialogue with India in 1860 begining operations in Calcutta (renamed Kolkata). We have since then spread our branches to eight key metros & mini metros and widened and enriched our product repertoire. Today, BNP Paribas is the second oldest foreign bank on the Indian soil and is positioned amongst the leading corporate banks in India. A shareholders’ Club set up in 1995, is open to “individual” shareholders holding at least 200 shares. As of today it counts more than 63,000 members. Meetings with shareholders are arranged during the year in the main regional cities: the bank’s policy is presented by senior executives of BNP Paribas and members of the Top Management.

  1. Credit Agricole

Credit Agricole is one of the largest companies in France, which successfully controls a large part of the banking sector inside the country. Credit Agricole CIB has been present in India since 1981 and is located as today in Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Mumbai and Pune. From these 5 branches, the Bank also deals with the large markets in Ahmedabad, Kolkata, Hyderabad and Baroda. The Bank offers a comprehensive range of products and services, tailored to the needs of Indian companies, multinational companies and financial institutions. It has a balance of $1,984 bln. in assets. Gross customer capture was strong, with 416,000 new customers captured since the start of the year, and a 25,000 increase in the customer base. Lastly, commercial activity in capital markets was buoyant in order to meet customer needs in terms of hedging and bonds. In the first quarter of 2020, Credit Agricole Group’s stated net income Group share came to €908 million versus €1,350 million in the first quarter of 2019.
For Crédit Agricole S.A., the underlying net income Group share reached €1.1 bn for the second quarter of 2020, down -10.9% compared to 2019, and €1.8 bn for the first half of the year. Credit Agricole SA set aside more than expected to cover souring loans in the second quarter after the covid pandemic hit the French lender’s retail clients and large corporate customers. Provisions in the three months through June jumped to 842 million euros ($998 million), higher than the 775 million-euro estimate of analysts polled by Bloomberg. Costs to cover souring debt drove down results at some of the lender’s most important business units, including the large clients segment, which saw a five-fold increase in the cost of risk from a year earlier.
Credit Agricole is more diversified and less dependent than rivals BNP Paribas SA and Societe Generale SA on trading, though it did benefit from the volatility that boosted fixed income results at rivals. At the same time it was able to avoid the dividend-related losses that caused management upheaval earlier this week at SocGen and Natixis.

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THE GREAT LARGEST 10 HOSPITALS IN THE WORLD

by Sree DivyaUncategorizedLeave a Comment on THE GREAT LARGEST 10 HOSPITALS IN THE WORLD

A Hospital is an institution providing medical and surgical treatment and nursing care for sick or injured people. A hospital provides the patients a treatment with specialized medical and quality is one of the most powerful ways to assess this aspect of health care, and hospital accreditation. Here are the Largest 10 Hospitals in the world in the year 2020.

1.The Mayo Clinic (Rochester, Minnesota)

Mayo Clinic is ranked number 1 in the United States for 2019-2020. It is maintaining a position at or near the top for more than 27 years. Mayo Clinic has been caring for patients from around the world for more than 100 years. Mayo Clinic is an American nonprofit academic medical center focused on integrated patient care, education, and research. It employs over 4,500 physicians and scientists, along with another 58,400 administrative and allied health staff, across three major campuses: Rochester, Minnesota; Jacksonville, Florida; and Phoenix/Scottsdale, Arizona. Mayo Clinic serves more than 1.3 million people each year in 19 hospitals across five states. It provides vital innovation for the entire medical community.
The practice specializes in treating difficult cases through tertiary care and destination medicine. William Worrall Mayo settled his family in Rochester in 1864 and opened a sole proprietorship medical practice that evolved under his sons, Will and Charlie Mayo, along with practice partners Drs. Stinchfield, Graham, Plummer, Millet, Judd, and Balfour, into Mayo Clinic. Today, in addition to its flagship hospital in Rochester, Mayo Clinic has major campuses in Arizona and Florida. It has general medical and surgical facility. The Mayo Clinic has a large integrated transplantation program.

  1. Cleveland Clinic (Cleveland)

Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland ranked No. 2 on the Best Hospitals Honor Roll. It is a teaching hospital. Cleveland Clinic, a non-profit academic medical center, provides clinical and hospital care and is a leader in research, education and health information. Cleveland Clinic is one of the largest medical providers in the world, with hospitals in the United States, Canada, and the United Emirates. The medical center’s heart and surgery program has been ranked as the best in America each year since 1995, and it was the best major medical center to combine clinical services around one organ system or disease. It has served patients from all 50 states and 135 countries. The Cleveland Clinic is an American academic medical center based in Cleveland, Ohio. Owned and operated by the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, an Ohio nonprofit corporation established in 1921, it runs a 170 acres (69 ha) campus in Cleveland, as well as 11 affiliated hospitals, 19 family health centers in Northeast Ohio, and hospitals in Florida and Nevada.
As of 2019, it has over 67,500 employees, a figure that includes over 17,000 registered nurses and advanced practice providers and over 4,520 physicians and scientists in 140 specialties. It is affiliated with the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, with which it started a physician-investigator medical school training program: the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine. The organization grew out of the surgical practice of Frank J. Weed at 16 Church Street on the near-west side of Cleveland. It includes the Taussig Cancer Institute, Global Cardiovascular Innovation Center, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Children’s and Pediatric Institute, and Centers for Geriatric and Diabetes Care. The hospital’s Transplant Center performed almost 700 organ transplants in 2017, and its procedures include heart, lung, liver and pancreas.

3.Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston)

Massachusetts General Hospital is located in the West End neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. Massachusetts General Hospital is the teaching hospital for Harvard Medical School, has the largest hospital-based research program in the United States, with over 1,200 clinical trials being conducted at any given time, in topics ranging from the opioid epidemic to the impact of socioeconomic status on health. Massachusetts General Hospital was established to provide care to Boston’s sick, regardless of socioeconomic status. It has remained at the forefront of medicine by fostering a culture of collaboration, pushing the boundaries of medical research, educating the brightest medical minds and maintaining an unwavering commitment to the diverse community we were created to serve.
It has a keen focus on equity to serve, heal, educate and innovate at the highest levels. This Hospital’s first priority is the well-being of our patients near and far. As a team they are able to maintain a singular focus on providing the highest quality, most compassionate care to each and every patient. Many multidisciplinary care teams known worldwide for innovations in cancer, digestive disorders, the neurosciences, heart disease, orthopaedics, transplantation, urologic diseases and trauma care unite specialists across the hospital to offer comprehensive, state-of-the-art medical care.

  1. Toronto General Hospital (Toronto)

Toronto General Hospital (TGH) is one of Toronto’s oldest hospitals, dating back to 1819 when the Loyal and Patriotic Society of Upper Canada organized a trust fund to support the construction and maintenance of a hospital in the provincial capital, the Town of York. Toronto General Hospital is the teaching hospital for University of Toronto, is the largest research organization in Canada and the largest transplant center in North America. The hospital also performed the first triple organ transplant. Toronto General Hospital has been ranked one of the world’s best hospitals in a global ranking. It is cited for its world-leading Sprott Department of Surgery, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre and Soham & Shaila Ajmera Family Transplant Centre. TGH’s excellence in the fields of endocrinology, autoimmunology and diabetes, its work to provide access to high-quality care to patients in remote communities, and a strong strategic plan were also contributing factors.
It is in the top-10 list in 2020 year and it was finalized by a panel of doctors, medical professionals and administrators from across four continents. Since TGH first opened, world’s clinical use of insulin, the first successful single- and double-lung transplants, the first transplant using the Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion System, and the first successful direct stimulation of a heart that had stopped beating, the precursor of all pacemakers. The University Health Network has grown out of a series of mergers between our current hospitals, as we have adjusted and change to accommodate our growing and changing patient community in and around the GTA. It is the only Ontarian Center providing Extracorporeal Life support for respiratory and cardio-pulmonary failure. The Multi- Organ transplant program is Canada’s largest organ transplant program. More than 500 transplants are performed each year and more than 5000 recipients are followed by a multidisciplinary team.

  1. Charite (Berlin)

The Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin is one of Europe’s largest university hospitals, affiliated with Humboldt University and Free University Berlin. It was ranked by Focus as the best of over 1000 hospitals in Germany. Charite is internationally renowned for its excellence in teaching and training. It has ablility to provide appropriate treatment for almost any diagnosed condition. In 2019 and 2020 ranked the Charite as fifth best hospital in the world and best in Europe. Charite is one of the largest university hospitals in Europe. All of our clinical care, research and teaching is delivered by physicians and researchers of the highest international standard. Charite proudly lays claim to more than half of all German Nobel Prize winners in Physiology or Medicine, including Emil von Behring, Robert Koch, and Paul Ehrlich.
Charite extends over four campuses, and has close to 100 different Departments and Institutes, which make up a total of 17 different Charite Centers. Having marked its 300-year anniversary in 2010, Charite is now one of the largest employers in Berlin, employing 15,500 staff. QS World University Rankings 2019 ranked the Charite Medical School as number one for medicine in Germany and ninth best in Europe. 4,135 nurses work at the Charite, their tireless commitment to patient satisfaction contributing to the hospital’s outstanding reputation. Each year, around 800,000 inpatients and outpatients receive professional and dedicated care and treatment here.

6.Johns Hopkins Hospital (Baltimore)

The Johns Hopkins Hospital is the teaching hospital and biomedical research facility of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, located in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, MD is ranked No. 6 on the Best Hospitals Honor Roll. Johns Hopkins Hospital serves over three million patients each year through its 40 patient care locations, four health and surgery centers, and six hospitals.
It also houses the second-highest rated medical school in the United States, which has “the most advanced clinical research in the world.” It is a general medical and surgical facility. The Johns Hopkins Health System was created in 1986, and 10 years later, it joined with the medical school to create Johns Hopkins Medicine. It includes the Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Children’s Center, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center and Wilmer Eye Institute. Among Hopkins’ research institutes are those dedicated to studying brain science, cell engineering, diabetes and genetic medicine. Hopkins can lay claim to a number of medical firsts, such as developing renal dialysis, isolating and crystallizing insulin and inventing the rechargeable, implantable pacemaker. Main aim of this hospital is to provide the highest quality care and service for all people in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of human illness.

  1. University Hospital Zurich, (Switzerland)

The University’s hospitals ensure the close association between medical research and clinical services. It provides primary health care and cutting-edge medicine in a central location in Zurich. We use our superior academic knowledge to treat a wide range of health issues, taking a personal touch and utilizing highly specialized and up-to-date research. The first hospital in Zurich, from which the current hospital derives, is recorded as having existed as early as 1204. The University Hospital of Zurich has clinical departments for neurology, medical oncology, cardiovascular-thoracic medicine, trauma-derma-rheuma-plastic surgery, abdomen-metabolism, imaging, diagnostics, anesthesiology-intensive care or management, and clinical research.
The quality of this clinical services and the superior care they give to their patients are their highest priorities. The University Children’s Hospital is a nonprofit private institution serving all children and adolescents. It is the largest children’s hospital in Switzerland and one of Europe’s leading centers for pediatric and adolescent medicine. The University Hospital of Zurich is the university hospital of Zurich, Switzerland. With its 43 divisions and institutes, the hospital is known for its achievements in health care, research, and teaching. A wide variety of countries prefer to come to here for treatment, another reason being that they are one of the best-rated university hospitals in Europe. University Hospital Zurich help University Hospital Zurich take a semi automated approach to medical coding, replacing a manual, complex and time-consuming process. It has created a machine learning system that accurately proposes complex medical codes to human administrators

8.Singapore General Hospital (Singapore)

Singapore General Hospital (SGH) is Singapore’s flagship hospital. SGH operates as a restructured hospital and is a not-for-profit institution with a long tradition of providing affordable tertiary healthcare. Singapore General sees more than one million people annually. The tertiary referral hospital has on-campus specialist centers, leads clinical research, and offers undergraduate and postgraduate training for students and professionals. Singapore General Hospital was ranked as the eighth best hospital in the world. The Singapore General Hospital was established in 1821, when the first General Hospital was located in the cantonment for British troops near the Singapore River.
As the bedrock of medical education, SGH continues to play a key role in nurturing doctors, nurses and allied health professionals, and is committed to innovative translational and clinical research. Our social mission and humanitarian legacy have been the driving force behind the Hospital’s efforts and achievements in service, education and research are the “three pillars” of SGH. This Hospital offers emergency care, women’s health services, cardiology, orthopedic, and oncology services. Singapore General Hospital serves its patients throughout the Singapore. Polyclinics offer a range of subsidised primary care services, including medical treatment for acute conditions, chronic disease management, women’s and children’s health services, as well as radiological, laboratory and pharmacy services.

  1. Sheba Medical Center at Tel HaShomer, Israel

Sheba Medical Center has been ranked by Newsweek among the World’s Top 10 Hospitals for the past two years. We are an international leader in medical innovation, collaborating with health centers around the globe to develop groundbreaking techniques and life-saving treatments. Our all-inclusive hospital features 159 medical departments and clinics, and we treat over 1 million patients yearly. Along with continuously advancing our technologies and a wide range of services. Our Sheba team is deeply committed to providing patient-focused, compassionate, and personalized care. In 2020, it is ranked as the 9th-best hospital in the world. It includes 200,000 emergency visits annually, and conducts more than two million medical tests of all types each year, on a $320 million annual budget.
The medical center is also home to the Israel National Center for Health Policy and Epidemiology Research, the internationally acclaimed Israel National Center for Medical Simulation, the Israel National Blood Bank and Cord Blood Bank, and the Safra International Congenital Heart Center. Other major centers at Sheba include the Sheba Cancer Treatment and Research Centers, the Sheba Heart Center that was donated by Lev Leviev, and the Tel Hashomer Medical Research, Infrastructure and Services Co. Ltd., which provides global consulting and training services. Sheba provides services to patients from across the Middle East, including many patients from the Palestinian Authority. It also provides guidance and mentoring in the planning, construction and operation of healthcare systems and hospitals around the world.

  1. Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden
A man walks to the entrance of Karolinska hospital in Stockholm on March 30, 2012 as former French Prime Minister Michel Rocard was taken into intensive care at the hospital earlier today. Rocard, an 81-year-old Socialist veteran, has fallen ill in the Swedish capital and was treated in intensive care, the French foreign ministry said Friday. AFP PHOTO (Photo by JONAS EKSTROMER / SCANPIX SWEDEN / AFP) (Photo by JONAS EKSTROMER/SCANPIX SWEDEN/AFP via Getty Images)

The Karolinska University Hospital is a teaching hospital affiliated with Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden, with two major sites in the municipalities of Solna and Huddinge. It covers areas such as biochemistry, genetics, pharmacology, pathology, anatomy, physiology and medical microbiology, among others. It is recognised as Sweden’s best university and one of the largest, most prestigious medical universities in the world. The Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute awards the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Healthcare at Karolinska is now organized in patient care flows. For example, patients with heart and vascular conditions are treated in an integrated manner, with specialists from functions such as emergency medicine, imaging and cardiology working together – often in the same building or corridor. The hospital network is the second largest in Sweden.
In 2014, Karolinska and the Stockholm County Council established a 14-year strategic innovation partnership with Philips to help bring this vision to life with joint innovations that increase the value of care for patients. It has 15,800 employees and it gives treatment for 1.6 million patient visits per year. It has two sites in the Swedish capital of Stockholm: Huddinge and Solna. The building will augment our ability to carry out our assignment to provide highly specialised care, not only for patients in Stockholm, but for those from other parts of Sweden and other countries, too. The new facilities will also optimize the expertise and equipment at our disposal, enhancing our ability to take care of the most severely injured and seriously ill patients.

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